Abstract: The two major topics of “quality†and “environmental protection†are the dilemmas faced by the packaging industry in the 21st century in China. The authors talk about the "big trick" practice of PP material, which is the world's largest recognized plastic product, and refer to colleagues in the packaging industry. We sincerely hope that Gongyang will discuss and communicate again.
1. Competition means elimination and innovation 1.1 outlook. As early as in the 1980s, China had formulated regulations on PP plastic products in accordance with the statutory standards of ISO standards such as SG354-84, GB10003-88, and GB10005-88. Smart entrepreneurs all know that: ISO9000 certification and ISO14000 examination and registration can only be used as a "ticket" for the product to the international market.
According to the investigation, PP packaging materials are the highest in recent years, making it difficult for other plastic packaging. In the last decade of the 20th century, an upsurge of research, exploration, and development of plastic packaging material additives has been surging. By the end of the 20th century, PP packaging consumption had taken a dominant position from a secondary perspective - annual consumption of 20 million tons (including imports), far higher than the growth rate of the entire plastic packaging materials.
1.2 Review. Whether it is the packaging of pre-contaminated paper products or the packaging of post-contaminated plastic products, people have focused on quality improvement in the pursuit of quantitative development. The ultimate goal of improving packaging technology, protecting human resources and the environment, and achieving energy conservation and consumption reduction and elimination of environmental white pollution.
1.2.1 long way to go. According to the international standard of GB2546-88, the name PP code and the abbreviation PP are abbreviated. The research of China's PP resin began in the 1950s, and the production equipment capacity has reached 500,000 tons so far and the batch-type medium-body method (with an annual production capacity of 20,000 tons or less with a total production capacity of 450,000 tons). However, the uniaxial and biaxial stretch film manufacturers, which are the production of the packaging industry in China, have already exceeded 40 companies. Whether it is from the first generation of "solution polymerization" (slurry method / deliming, off random matter), the second generation "solution polymerization" (no deashing) and "bulk polymerization" (deashing, de-ashing) From the random matter) to the third generation of the "gas-phase polymerization method" (without deashing, no astringent). After more than 40 years of production and application, it has been used as an alternative packaging material for paper, metal, and wood. In particular, after more than a decade of research, its use has become more widespread and has gained recognition in the packaging and printing industry. In particular, after the modification of additives (1 injection consumption accounted for 17%; 2 extrusion consumption accounted for 75%; 3 blow molding accounted for 2%; 4 other accounted for 6; 5 annual consumption of woven bags and tying ropes reached 450,000 tons, As much as 49% of the total PP consumption, PP films have been used primarily in the industry, especially in the packaging and printing industry for 10 years, and have initially made secondary, tertiary packaging, composite packaging physical goods, heat-shrinkable screen printing packaging, and composite printing. Packaging and recycling or remanufactured and reusable product packaging products are everywhere, and with its superior water resistance, solvent resistance, grease resistance, oil resistance, alkali resistance and other chemical resistance (except for a few exceptions) at 120 °C For a long time, inorganic agents have little or no effect on them. The strong advantages of being lighter, cheaper, and capable of industrialized production have replaced the use of PT and other areas, and it is becoming a trend to compete face-to-face with ABS and PET in the commodity market. So it is considered the darling of the first largest plastic packaging material. By 2010, annual consumption will exceed 2 million tons.
1.2.2 target. In view of the above situation, it has reached an intention of cooperation with scientific research and production units, and with their support, it has successively combined relevant documents and actual information with Shiyan, Xiangfan, Wenzhou, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Jianghan Oilfield, Dengzhou and Yunmeng. Experience research. In order to obtain packaging companies continue to innovate and advance in the elimination of backwardness.
With the continuous expansion of the amount of PP packaging products, the exposed defects are becoming more and more serious. For example, the biaxially oriented (ie, biaxially oriented) film of the plastic film factory is placed on the outer packaging (ie, the tertiary packaging) of the cigarette box produced by the cigarette factory. It plays a role in waterproofing, moisture proofing and decorative effects. However, after being stored for a period of time (or even the PP film that has just been stretched out), there are drawbacks such as fogging, blooming, and sweating, which impairs the high quality of printed decoration and in-kindness. In turn, it also indirectly affects the level of commodity consumption. Another example: the tubs remanufactured by the plastics factory cannot achieve the brilliant effect of color - blackening. Although flash-printing inks can be built to overcome the use of complex blocked light stabilizers. However, similar to the above-mentioned manufacturers in China more than 1,000, to China's export earnings have brought incalculable economic losses in packaging.
From a large number of different cases, it is exactly what one would like to see that stabilizers are easily dispersed in the complex and used as long-term products without precipitation. However, when the stabilizer has poor miscibility, it moves from the inside of the product to the outside surface, and finally stays on the surface. If the discharge is a powdery solid material, it is called “sprayingâ€, and if the discharge is Liquid is called "sweat". The addition of organic tin is the best for transparency and stability, while metal soaps are used for translucent materials and organic lead salts can only be used for opaque PP. We have thus realized Lu Xun’s inscription that “insufficiency is the upward wheel.†In view of PP's own defects, faults and causes, detection and exclusion methods are supplemented in practice, and rational perceptions of perceptual knowledge after contact are introduced.
2. Brand innovation is to pursue the creation of effective PP GB2546-88 international standards, nomenclature and ISO international standards certification can only be used as a common to strengthen the image quality of product quality mechanism, does not fully represent a company's brand of the grade and vitality.
2.1 market potential. According to the survey data of the World Bank and UNESCO in 1990, the average annual productivity of Swiss packaging is 160 times that of China, which is as much as US$319. From this we can see that the gap between the packaging industry and the developed countries in China shows that there is a huge market potential for us to open up. If the level of consumption is doubled with that of the developed countries, its market consumption will double, and the arrival of this powerful shock wave is inevitable.
PP, which accounts for 50% of plastic packaging materials, must be adapted to quality and environmental protection, and it must meet the needs of 1.3 billion people in various industries. Therefore, talk about your own views on the above issues and improve ideas for innovation.
2.2 "Disordered remotely, close-ordered" PP molecular weight has a dispersion characteristic of molecular weight. MI as a melt index often directly affects tensile strength and impact strength, flexural modulus, and other properties. Among hundreds of additives, we have to face the nature of organic additives, which often affect the molecular shape of PP. For example, poor additives can cause the PP molecules to be curled, with low interaction energy and small changes in free energy. PP molecules are often attributed to the surface of the particles to form a protective layer, which prevents the resin from coalescence. As time goes by, temperature rises, and humidity changes, the surface of the product migrates to the surface of the product and appears to be unstable—blooming—fogging—sweating; while in the additive, PP molecules stretch to make the system Free energy becomes (reduced) significantly. Therefore, good additives have strong coalescence energy at low temperatures and strong stabilization at high temperatures. Therefore, choosing different additives and dosages for different defects has become a problem faced by the packaging industry.
PP electrical insulation. PP materials, especially thin films, are prone to static electricity after they are rubbed, which often leads to the adsorption of dust on the surface and affects the appearance of transparency. Elimination methods are: 1 Add an antistatic agent to the ingredients; 2 Print or spray antistatic agent on the surface. For example, the amphoteric surfactant, which not only prevents the static electricity, but also reduces the contact angle of water at the same time, thereby improving the sprayability of the PP film hydration. As a PP antistatic agent, a nonpolar anti-static agent with a very low polarity is generally used. Electrostatic agent.
Generalized PP films, sheets, molded packaging materials. The basic theoretical research involves the interface chemical properties and stability, physical properties and mechanical properties (density and thermal properties), which will directly affect the properties of the ultra-high impact block PP polymer. Highly crystalline HCPP can be synthesized with a high activity catalyst. For example, when a biaxially oriented film is used, its modulus is increased by about 10-20%, while the thermal shrinkage rate can be greatly reduced. In addition, this kind of film has high crystallization rate, small deformation and high hardness, so it is comparable to ABS, and it is one of the cheapest materials to replace PT materials for commodity packaging.
PP decorative. The decorative effect obtained by the traditional PP dyeing printing technology can no longer meet people's daily life requirements and artistic requirements (uniform color space). For example, the use of organic solvents and surfactants can significantly promote stress cracking, but PP stress cracking tends to increase with increasing molecular weight. It also depends on the amount of catalyst remaining and the antioxidant system. For this purpose, pure catalysts must be added to the surface for secondary or tertiary processing and regeneration reuse. If the use of electroplating, film, film, gold foil printing and printing and other means of graphic, the fog produced by the PP film will be greatly eliminated, the pursuit of surface texture and make up for the lack of packaging and decoration, to achieve a bright surface with a certain degree of hardness Glossy film. Increasing the weatherability, light resistance, flame retardance, moisture resistance, and solvent and chemical resistance of the material will be overcome.
After breaking down and improving the traditional chemical process, the heat resistance of PP has been concerned by the community. Recently used to develop a more practical trapezoidal polymers and spiral polymers, which are some non-cross-linked structure, in which two molecular chains are twisted together, such PP is soluble and can be It is expected that there will be better thermal performance than ordinary single-strand PP. This is followed by the use of Ziegler catalysts to produce isotactic polypropylene with a melting point of up to 300°C. There are also selected compatibility parameters and similar two or more high molecular polymers grafted and blended to reach the predetermined heat resistance target. At present, zinc stearate, calcium and strontium are mostly used. Recently, long-acting MW300-1200 molecular weight was also used as a heat stabilizer.
Furthermore, PP has a tendency to limit the shrinkage of the surface at 120°C. The reason is caused by the difference in the state of the molecules in the surface molecular system. Although we can explain the effect of electrolytes on the stability of melts by the DVO theory based on the attraction of van der Waals and the repulsion of the electric double layer, this theory cannot be used to explain the role of nonionic surfactants with polymers. The mechanism. Therefore, we need to re-practice and recognise that many polymers have a “critical molecular weightâ€. Less than this molecular weight of PP material additives is no protection / agglomeration and dispersion are two antagonistic effect, the two or several kinds of action close to make the PP system to form a structural balance.
The aging resistance of PP only attracted the attention of packaging industry manufacturers at the end of the 20th century. The usual practice is to add antioxidants and UV absorbers and copper inhibitors (CY2NO×2379) to the PP material. The recently introduced 141 compound antioxidant is a very important factor in adapting to PP aging. The solar spectrum that knows best in nature is generally divided into: 1 ultraviolet region/wavelength 290-400 nm, accounting for 4%; 2 visible region/wavelength 400-700 nm, accounting for 43%; 3 infrared region/wavelength 700-2500 nm , accounting for 53%. Although UV energy only accounts for 4% of the sunlight's light energy, the PP packaging material is damaged in the UV region. Therefore, PP films, sheets, and braided yarns age at 330-370 nm.
Chemical resistance and abrasion resistance. PP is likely to cause resistance to the outside of the system after exposure to chemical methods, and its quality is damaged (such as water, solvents, acids, alkalis, etc.). For example, the PP double-stretched film produced by the plastic film factory often inevitably comes into contact with moist air or moisture during the practical application of cigarettes, plus the infiltration of nicotine, and the volatilization of the solvent in the composite adhesive. The phenomenon of blistering, discoloration, spraying, sweating, bleaching, and mist mixing will occur with the expansion of the packaging mask and the permeability, breathability, and vapor permeability. It will also directly affect the service life of the product, and it will also affect the Cigarettes are mildly mildewed - and the suitable temperature for mold growth is 15-40°C. (to be continued)
Note: The law of mildew is: 1 after the winter solstice is from the inside out; 2 after the spring is from outside to inside.
1. Competition means elimination and innovation 1.1 outlook. As early as in the 1980s, China had formulated regulations on PP plastic products in accordance with the statutory standards of ISO standards such as SG354-84, GB10003-88, and GB10005-88. Smart entrepreneurs all know that: ISO9000 certification and ISO14000 examination and registration can only be used as a "ticket" for the product to the international market.
According to the investigation, PP packaging materials are the highest in recent years, making it difficult for other plastic packaging. In the last decade of the 20th century, an upsurge of research, exploration, and development of plastic packaging material additives has been surging. By the end of the 20th century, PP packaging consumption had taken a dominant position from a secondary perspective - annual consumption of 20 million tons (including imports), far higher than the growth rate of the entire plastic packaging materials.
1.2 Review. Whether it is the packaging of pre-contaminated paper products or the packaging of post-contaminated plastic products, people have focused on quality improvement in the pursuit of quantitative development. The ultimate goal of improving packaging technology, protecting human resources and the environment, and achieving energy conservation and consumption reduction and elimination of environmental white pollution.
1.2.1 long way to go. According to the international standard of GB2546-88, the name PP code and the abbreviation PP are abbreviated. The research of China's PP resin began in the 1950s, and the production equipment capacity has reached 500,000 tons so far and the batch-type medium-body method (with an annual production capacity of 20,000 tons or less with a total production capacity of 450,000 tons). However, the uniaxial and biaxial stretch film manufacturers, which are the production of the packaging industry in China, have already exceeded 40 companies. Whether it is from the first generation of "solution polymerization" (slurry method / deliming, off random matter), the second generation "solution polymerization" (no deashing) and "bulk polymerization" (deashing, de-ashing) From the random matter) to the third generation of the "gas-phase polymerization method" (without deashing, no astringent). After more than 40 years of production and application, it has been used as an alternative packaging material for paper, metal, and wood. In particular, after more than a decade of research, its use has become more widespread and has gained recognition in the packaging and printing industry. In particular, after the modification of additives (1 injection consumption accounted for 17%; 2 extrusion consumption accounted for 75%; 3 blow molding accounted for 2%; 4 other accounted for 6; 5 annual consumption of woven bags and tying ropes reached 450,000 tons, As much as 49% of the total PP consumption, PP films have been used primarily in the industry, especially in the packaging and printing industry for 10 years, and have initially made secondary, tertiary packaging, composite packaging physical goods, heat-shrinkable screen printing packaging, and composite printing. Packaging and recycling or remanufactured and reusable product packaging products are everywhere, and with its superior water resistance, solvent resistance, grease resistance, oil resistance, alkali resistance and other chemical resistance (except for a few exceptions) at 120 °C For a long time, inorganic agents have little or no effect on them. The strong advantages of being lighter, cheaper, and capable of industrialized production have replaced the use of PT and other areas, and it is becoming a trend to compete face-to-face with ABS and PET in the commodity market. So it is considered the darling of the first largest plastic packaging material. By 2010, annual consumption will exceed 2 million tons.
1.2.2 target. In view of the above situation, it has reached an intention of cooperation with scientific research and production units, and with their support, it has successively combined relevant documents and actual information with Shiyan, Xiangfan, Wenzhou, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Jianghan Oilfield, Dengzhou and Yunmeng. Experience research. In order to obtain packaging companies continue to innovate and advance in the elimination of backwardness.
With the continuous expansion of the amount of PP packaging products, the exposed defects are becoming more and more serious. For example, the biaxially oriented (ie, biaxially oriented) film of the plastic film factory is placed on the outer packaging (ie, the tertiary packaging) of the cigarette box produced by the cigarette factory. It plays a role in waterproofing, moisture proofing and decorative effects. However, after being stored for a period of time (or even the PP film that has just been stretched out), there are drawbacks such as fogging, blooming, and sweating, which impairs the high quality of printed decoration and in-kindness. In turn, it also indirectly affects the level of commodity consumption. Another example: the tubs remanufactured by the plastics factory cannot achieve the brilliant effect of color - blackening. Although flash-printing inks can be built to overcome the use of complex blocked light stabilizers. However, similar to the above-mentioned manufacturers in China more than 1,000, to China's export earnings have brought incalculable economic losses in packaging.
From a large number of different cases, it is exactly what one would like to see that stabilizers are easily dispersed in the complex and used as long-term products without precipitation. However, when the stabilizer has poor miscibility, it moves from the inside of the product to the outside surface, and finally stays on the surface. If the discharge is a powdery solid material, it is called “sprayingâ€, and if the discharge is Liquid is called "sweat". The addition of organic tin is the best for transparency and stability, while metal soaps are used for translucent materials and organic lead salts can only be used for opaque PP. We have thus realized Lu Xun’s inscription that “insufficiency is the upward wheel.†In view of PP's own defects, faults and causes, detection and exclusion methods are supplemented in practice, and rational perceptions of perceptual knowledge after contact are introduced.
2. Brand innovation is to pursue the creation of effective PP GB2546-88 international standards, nomenclature and ISO international standards certification can only be used as a common to strengthen the image quality of product quality mechanism, does not fully represent a company's brand of the grade and vitality.
2.1 market potential. According to the survey data of the World Bank and UNESCO in 1990, the average annual productivity of Swiss packaging is 160 times that of China, which is as much as US$319. From this we can see that the gap between the packaging industry and the developed countries in China shows that there is a huge market potential for us to open up. If the level of consumption is doubled with that of the developed countries, its market consumption will double, and the arrival of this powerful shock wave is inevitable.
PP, which accounts for 50% of plastic packaging materials, must be adapted to quality and environmental protection, and it must meet the needs of 1.3 billion people in various industries. Therefore, talk about your own views on the above issues and improve ideas for innovation.
2.2 "Disordered remotely, close-ordered" PP molecular weight has a dispersion characteristic of molecular weight. MI as a melt index often directly affects tensile strength and impact strength, flexural modulus, and other properties. Among hundreds of additives, we have to face the nature of organic additives, which often affect the molecular shape of PP. For example, poor additives can cause the PP molecules to be curled, with low interaction energy and small changes in free energy. PP molecules are often attributed to the surface of the particles to form a protective layer, which prevents the resin from coalescence. As time goes by, temperature rises, and humidity changes, the surface of the product migrates to the surface of the product and appears to be unstable—blooming—fogging—sweating; while in the additive, PP molecules stretch to make the system Free energy becomes (reduced) significantly. Therefore, good additives have strong coalescence energy at low temperatures and strong stabilization at high temperatures. Therefore, choosing different additives and dosages for different defects has become a problem faced by the packaging industry.
PP electrical insulation. PP materials, especially thin films, are prone to static electricity after they are rubbed, which often leads to the adsorption of dust on the surface and affects the appearance of transparency. Elimination methods are: 1 Add an antistatic agent to the ingredients; 2 Print or spray antistatic agent on the surface. For example, the amphoteric surfactant, which not only prevents the static electricity, but also reduces the contact angle of water at the same time, thereby improving the sprayability of the PP film hydration. As a PP antistatic agent, a nonpolar anti-static agent with a very low polarity is generally used. Electrostatic agent.
Generalized PP films, sheets, molded packaging materials. The basic theoretical research involves the interface chemical properties and stability, physical properties and mechanical properties (density and thermal properties), which will directly affect the properties of the ultra-high impact block PP polymer. Highly crystalline HCPP can be synthesized with a high activity catalyst. For example, when a biaxially oriented film is used, its modulus is increased by about 10-20%, while the thermal shrinkage rate can be greatly reduced. In addition, this kind of film has high crystallization rate, small deformation and high hardness, so it is comparable to ABS, and it is one of the cheapest materials to replace PT materials for commodity packaging.
PP decorative. The decorative effect obtained by the traditional PP dyeing printing technology can no longer meet people's daily life requirements and artistic requirements (uniform color space). For example, the use of organic solvents and surfactants can significantly promote stress cracking, but PP stress cracking tends to increase with increasing molecular weight. It also depends on the amount of catalyst remaining and the antioxidant system. For this purpose, pure catalysts must be added to the surface for secondary or tertiary processing and regeneration reuse. If the use of electroplating, film, film, gold foil printing and printing and other means of graphic, the fog produced by the PP film will be greatly eliminated, the pursuit of surface texture and make up for the lack of packaging and decoration, to achieve a bright surface with a certain degree of hardness Glossy film. Increasing the weatherability, light resistance, flame retardance, moisture resistance, and solvent and chemical resistance of the material will be overcome.
After breaking down and improving the traditional chemical process, the heat resistance of PP has been concerned by the community. Recently used to develop a more practical trapezoidal polymers and spiral polymers, which are some non-cross-linked structure, in which two molecular chains are twisted together, such PP is soluble and can be It is expected that there will be better thermal performance than ordinary single-strand PP. This is followed by the use of Ziegler catalysts to produce isotactic polypropylene with a melting point of up to 300°C. There are also selected compatibility parameters and similar two or more high molecular polymers grafted and blended to reach the predetermined heat resistance target. At present, zinc stearate, calcium and strontium are mostly used. Recently, long-acting MW300-1200 molecular weight was also used as a heat stabilizer.
Furthermore, PP has a tendency to limit the shrinkage of the surface at 120°C. The reason is caused by the difference in the state of the molecules in the surface molecular system. Although we can explain the effect of electrolytes on the stability of melts by the DVO theory based on the attraction of van der Waals and the repulsion of the electric double layer, this theory cannot be used to explain the role of nonionic surfactants with polymers. The mechanism. Therefore, we need to re-practice and recognise that many polymers have a “critical molecular weightâ€. Less than this molecular weight of PP material additives is no protection / agglomeration and dispersion are two antagonistic effect, the two or several kinds of action close to make the PP system to form a structural balance.
The aging resistance of PP only attracted the attention of packaging industry manufacturers at the end of the 20th century. The usual practice is to add antioxidants and UV absorbers and copper inhibitors (CY2NO×2379) to the PP material. The recently introduced 141 compound antioxidant is a very important factor in adapting to PP aging. The solar spectrum that knows best in nature is generally divided into: 1 ultraviolet region/wavelength 290-400 nm, accounting for 4%; 2 visible region/wavelength 400-700 nm, accounting for 43%; 3 infrared region/wavelength 700-2500 nm , accounting for 53%. Although UV energy only accounts for 4% of the sunlight's light energy, the PP packaging material is damaged in the UV region. Therefore, PP films, sheets, and braided yarns age at 330-370 nm.
Chemical resistance and abrasion resistance. PP is likely to cause resistance to the outside of the system after exposure to chemical methods, and its quality is damaged (such as water, solvents, acids, alkalis, etc.). For example, the PP double-stretched film produced by the plastic film factory often inevitably comes into contact with moist air or moisture during the practical application of cigarettes, plus the infiltration of nicotine, and the volatilization of the solvent in the composite adhesive. The phenomenon of blistering, discoloration, spraying, sweating, bleaching, and mist mixing will occur with the expansion of the packaging mask and the permeability, breathability, and vapor permeability. It will also directly affect the service life of the product, and it will also affect the Cigarettes are mildly mildewed - and the suitable temperature for mold growth is 15-40°C. (to be continued)
Note: The law of mildew is: 1 after the winter solstice is from the inside out; 2 after the spring is from outside to inside.
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