Experts from the U.S. Department of Agriculture recently announced that a new type of environmentally friendly food packaging material is expected to be available in the near future. This packaging material is made entirely of crushed strawberries and is a naturally decomposable, very environmentally friendly material. The packaging film made of materials can not only play a role in keeping fresh, but also improve the taste of the fruit. It is expected that in the near future, not only can strawberries be used as packaging materials, but also vegetables and fruits such as carrots and broccoli can be used as packaging materials. This new type of green packaging material will replace the traditional polyethylene plastic film and become the main material of the food packaging industry.
Selection of packaging materials based on sustainable development strategies Traditional packaging design When selecting packaging materials, the main focus is on the performance of the materials studied, the behaviors used and their degree of environmental impact, and the packaging made from the selected materials is required to satisfy the protection of the products. , advertising and descriptive while minimizing packaging production costs. The impact on the environment (including resources and energy) caused by the production, use, and disposal of packaging materials and packaging has not been given adequate attention, which has resulted in great waste of resources and serious environmental pollution. Such as the "white pollution" caused by refractory plastics; the production, use and disposal of coated coatings, and the difficulty in recovery and regeneration of thermosetting plastic packaging.
Therefore, based on the sustainable development strategy of packaging design, in the selection of packaging materials must be its environmental performance as an important aspect to study. Instead of using the concept of traditional materials, simply considering the process performance, service performance, and economic performance of packaging materials, we must proceed from the strategy of sustainable development and consider the performance, economy, and environment of materials (including resources, energy, and environmental protection). Large elements, that is to say, must fully consider the green relationship between the material or the environmental coordination and the balance between the performance and cost of the material.
(1) Selection of green packaging materials This is the fundamental way to ensure sustainable development strategies from the perspective of materials. Because green materials have environmental coordination, the use of green packaging materials not only can effectively reduce the harmful effects of packaging waste on the environment, but also has high efficiency in the use of raw materials and energy in the whole process of packaging production, use and recycling. Inspired by the strategy of sustainable development, various kinds of green packaging materials have mushroomed and a large number of traditional packaging have been replaced by green packaging.
Paper is currently the most widely used green packaging material. Paper's green characteristics are good, raw materials are widely sourced, and it is easily corrupted in the natural environment. It can be used to recycle recycled paper and can also be used as a plant fertilizer. It is the earliest application of green packaging materials. As early as after the Second World War, Dr. Rubin Rauthing, founder of the Swedish Tetra Pak Co., tried to pack milk with paper. After nearly a decade of research and experimentation, he finally invented what he called the “born in heaven.†Green packaging 'gene' is stored in Tetra Pak aseptic carton. The milk, juice and beverages packaged in this carton can be kept fresh for 6 months without refrigeration. After the waste is recovered, it can be used to produce "color plate" for manufacturing furniture. , decorative materials, toys and audio equipment. Because of this, this "green packaging" has become the mainstream packaging for liquid foods around the world, saving mankind a lot of energy and wood. Now, the recycling technology of paper has become more mature. Waste paper and waste paper bins can be remanufactured into secondary products of different qualities and applications according to their color, composition, etc., and the recycling rate is high. Typical varieties currently widely used for packaging are pulp molding and honeycomb paperboard products. In particular, molded pulp products are used to replace refractory plastics and are widely used in tableware, poultry egg trays, fruit trays, industrial trays, food and semi-finished packaging, and medical device packaging.
Biodegradable plastics are considered to be the most promising green packaging materials. Biodegradable plastic is a new type of plastic that can be degraded and disappeared in the natural environment after being discarded, and does not pollute the environment. As traditional plastic packaging materials are discarded, they are not easily degraded under natural conditions, they are difficult to absorb for the natural world, and they cause great pollution to the environment. Therefore, both domestic and foreign countries attach great importance to the study of plastics that can be naturally degraded under photosynthesis or biological effects. In the production of packaging materials and agricultural films, this new type of plastic, after being discarded, can undergo photosynthesis and brittleness and degrade into fragments within a certain period of time. After being eroded by nature, it enters the soil and is digested by microorganisms (ie biochemical action). Contamination of the environment. Biodegradable plastics currently in practical use mainly include: polylactic acid and its copolymers, polycaprolactone, polybutylene glycol disuccinate (PBSA), poly(propylene succinate) (PBA), poly(propylene adipate) Esters (PPA), cellulose esters, cellulose/chitosan, starch/synthetic polymers, polyester copolymers, and the like.
(2) Minimize the types of materials used to simplify the manufacturing process of packaging, facilitate the disassembly and recycling, classification and reuse of packaging. When designing packaging, avoid using a variety of different materials as much as possible. For complex packaging, structural design that is easy to disassemble and separate should be adopted. . When designing the metal packaging box, different metal welding structures should be avoided in the structure. The packaging box should be designed as a splitable and independent multiple subdivided box, and each independent bin should only use one kind of subdivided box. material. For example, Whirlpool's German partner's packaging engineer reduced the amount of materials used for packaging from 20 to 4 and, while meeting basic functional requirements, not only reduced material costs, but also reduced the cost of handling packaging waste. half.
(3) Selection of materials that are easy to recycle and recycle If packaging waste is easy to recycle and regenerate, it will not only reduce its pollution to the environment, but also facilitate the recycling of materials, save resources and energy, and reduce waste disposal costs. The social and economic benefits. For example, wooden pallets are still widely used in current packaging. If a double-layer corrugated paperboard made entirely of recycled materials is used instead, it will be only 25% of the weight of wooden pallets under equal strength conditions, which can not only greatly reduce the transport cost. The cost and, more importantly, the corrugated board can be recycled and recycled many times after being discarded, which can save a lot of wood and reduce the abuse and destruction of forest resources.
(4) Try to use non-coated and plated materials. In order to make the package more beautiful and corrosion resistant in modern packaging design, a large number of materials with coated layers are used. This not only brings difficulties to the recovery and reuse of materials after the products are scrapped, but most of the coatings themselves are toxic. In particular, the coating and plating process also brings great pollution to the environment. Such as coating volatile toxic solvent gas, chromium and other heavy metals generated during plating waste, waste residue pollution. Therefore, as far as possible, uncoated and plated packaging materials should be used.
Selection of packaging materials based on sustainable development strategies Traditional packaging design When selecting packaging materials, the main focus is on the performance of the materials studied, the behaviors used and their degree of environmental impact, and the packaging made from the selected materials is required to satisfy the protection of the products. , advertising and descriptive while minimizing packaging production costs. The impact on the environment (including resources and energy) caused by the production, use, and disposal of packaging materials and packaging has not been given adequate attention, which has resulted in great waste of resources and serious environmental pollution. Such as the "white pollution" caused by refractory plastics; the production, use and disposal of coated coatings, and the difficulty in recovery and regeneration of thermosetting plastic packaging.
Therefore, based on the sustainable development strategy of packaging design, in the selection of packaging materials must be its environmental performance as an important aspect to study. Instead of using the concept of traditional materials, simply considering the process performance, service performance, and economic performance of packaging materials, we must proceed from the strategy of sustainable development and consider the performance, economy, and environment of materials (including resources, energy, and environmental protection). Large elements, that is to say, must fully consider the green relationship between the material or the environmental coordination and the balance between the performance and cost of the material.
(1) Selection of green packaging materials This is the fundamental way to ensure sustainable development strategies from the perspective of materials. Because green materials have environmental coordination, the use of green packaging materials not only can effectively reduce the harmful effects of packaging waste on the environment, but also has high efficiency in the use of raw materials and energy in the whole process of packaging production, use and recycling. Inspired by the strategy of sustainable development, various kinds of green packaging materials have mushroomed and a large number of traditional packaging have been replaced by green packaging.
Paper is currently the most widely used green packaging material. Paper's green characteristics are good, raw materials are widely sourced, and it is easily corrupted in the natural environment. It can be used to recycle recycled paper and can also be used as a plant fertilizer. It is the earliest application of green packaging materials. As early as after the Second World War, Dr. Rubin Rauthing, founder of the Swedish Tetra Pak Co., tried to pack milk with paper. After nearly a decade of research and experimentation, he finally invented what he called the “born in heaven.†Green packaging 'gene' is stored in Tetra Pak aseptic carton. The milk, juice and beverages packaged in this carton can be kept fresh for 6 months without refrigeration. After the waste is recovered, it can be used to produce "color plate" for manufacturing furniture. , decorative materials, toys and audio equipment. Because of this, this "green packaging" has become the mainstream packaging for liquid foods around the world, saving mankind a lot of energy and wood. Now, the recycling technology of paper has become more mature. Waste paper and waste paper bins can be remanufactured into secondary products of different qualities and applications according to their color, composition, etc., and the recycling rate is high. Typical varieties currently widely used for packaging are pulp molding and honeycomb paperboard products. In particular, molded pulp products are used to replace refractory plastics and are widely used in tableware, poultry egg trays, fruit trays, industrial trays, food and semi-finished packaging, and medical device packaging.
Biodegradable plastics are considered to be the most promising green packaging materials. Biodegradable plastic is a new type of plastic that can be degraded and disappeared in the natural environment after being discarded, and does not pollute the environment. As traditional plastic packaging materials are discarded, they are not easily degraded under natural conditions, they are difficult to absorb for the natural world, and they cause great pollution to the environment. Therefore, both domestic and foreign countries attach great importance to the study of plastics that can be naturally degraded under photosynthesis or biological effects. In the production of packaging materials and agricultural films, this new type of plastic, after being discarded, can undergo photosynthesis and brittleness and degrade into fragments within a certain period of time. After being eroded by nature, it enters the soil and is digested by microorganisms (ie biochemical action). Contamination of the environment. Biodegradable plastics currently in practical use mainly include: polylactic acid and its copolymers, polycaprolactone, polybutylene glycol disuccinate (PBSA), poly(propylene succinate) (PBA), poly(propylene adipate) Esters (PPA), cellulose esters, cellulose/chitosan, starch/synthetic polymers, polyester copolymers, and the like.
(2) Minimize the types of materials used to simplify the manufacturing process of packaging, facilitate the disassembly and recycling, classification and reuse of packaging. When designing packaging, avoid using a variety of different materials as much as possible. For complex packaging, structural design that is easy to disassemble and separate should be adopted. . When designing the metal packaging box, different metal welding structures should be avoided in the structure. The packaging box should be designed as a splitable and independent multiple subdivided box, and each independent bin should only use one kind of subdivided box. material. For example, Whirlpool's German partner's packaging engineer reduced the amount of materials used for packaging from 20 to 4 and, while meeting basic functional requirements, not only reduced material costs, but also reduced the cost of handling packaging waste. half.
(3) Selection of materials that are easy to recycle and recycle If packaging waste is easy to recycle and regenerate, it will not only reduce its pollution to the environment, but also facilitate the recycling of materials, save resources and energy, and reduce waste disposal costs. The social and economic benefits. For example, wooden pallets are still widely used in current packaging. If a double-layer corrugated paperboard made entirely of recycled materials is used instead, it will be only 25% of the weight of wooden pallets under equal strength conditions, which can not only greatly reduce the transport cost. The cost and, more importantly, the corrugated board can be recycled and recycled many times after being discarded, which can save a lot of wood and reduce the abuse and destruction of forest resources.
(4) Try to use non-coated and plated materials. In order to make the package more beautiful and corrosion resistant in modern packaging design, a large number of materials with coated layers are used. This not only brings difficulties to the recovery and reuse of materials after the products are scrapped, but most of the coatings themselves are toxic. In particular, the coating and plating process also brings great pollution to the environment. Such as coating volatile toxic solvent gas, chromium and other heavy metals generated during plating waste, waste residue pollution. Therefore, as far as possible, uncoated and plated packaging materials should be used.
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