3. Thermal transfer method
Now laboratory research or small-scale production of printed circuit boards, thermal transfer method can be used. Circuit board production method is simple and fast.
(1) Drawing a printed circuit
With Protel, orcad and other graphics software, you can even use the "paint" or word of windows to create printed circuit board graphics.
(2) Print the circuit on thermal transfer paper with a laser printer
Use the computer to make the circuit board pattern, print it out on the plain paper first, check and correct, then use the laser printer to print the pattern on the smooth surface of the transfer paper. Because the circuit is printed on the transfer paper first, and then the transfer paper is attached to the copper surface of the copper-clad board, and the circuit is transferred onto the copper-clad board. Therefore, pay attention to the front and back of the circuit when printing. In addition, when the transfer paper has just been printed out, the toner is not yet cooled and fixed. Please remove the transfer paper from the printer. Do not touch any part of the printer with the graphics surface, and do not immediately touch the toner of any part of the graphics with your hands. The circuit diagram is damaged. Do not fold the transfer paper as it may cause disconnection.
(3) Transfer printing plate
The circuit diagram printed on the thermal transfer paper is transferred to a copper-clad board.
1 Clean the surface of the copper plate to remove grease, stains and burrs. Note: This is an important part of ensuring plate quality.
2 Fix the transfer paper on the copper plate. Generally, the side of the transfer paper beyond the copper-clad plate is tightly pressed against the copper-clad plate and folded to the back, and is fixed. If you do double-sided board, you need to transfer it side by side, make alignment holes on the circuit diagram, and strictly align the transfer paper, and be careful not to dirty the other circuit board or damage the other circuit. .
3 Set the transfer machine. The transfer machine has different models for different manufacturers, generally need to set the temperature, transfer speed, etc. After the power is turned on, the system performs self-checks on the inside of the system. The motor and heater will enter the working state at the same time. After a few seconds, the instant temperature of the heated roller will be displayed. Different types of transfer machines have slightly different operation steps. Generally, the heating temperature is set before the transfer. At the same time, press the temperature setting button, press the "▲" or "▼" button to modify the temperature setting value ( Specifically see the instructions). The temperature should generally not exceed 160°C. .
4 transfer plate. Put the copper-clad board with the transfer paper on it into the transfer machine. After a while, the copper-coated board will be sent from the back of the transfer machine. After the temperature drops, gently lift the transfer paper and check the circuit board carefully. If there are major defects, the transfer paper should be affixed to the transfer machine and transferred once. For minor defects, repair with an oily marker. (If you do not have a transfer machine, you can use the iron ironing method can also transfer the circuit diagram on the transfer paper to the copper plate. Note the flat copper placed.)
(4) Corrosion circuit board
After the copper plate is cooled, the thermal transfer paper is peeled off and placed in an etching solution to be etched (the corrosion method described above). The subsequent steps are the same as described previously.
(5) Precautions
1 The transfer paper is a disposable paper. If it is reused, the heat-melted graphics can easily cause contamination of the laser printer cartridge. In severe cases, the printer cartridge may be damaged.
2 Transfer paper is a special media paper, coated with a multi-layer polymer material, with the characteristics of high temperature resistance and easy transfer. General paper can not be used.
3 To ensure the quality of the plate, the width of the drawn line should not be less than 0.3mm.
4 Due to the pattern transfer to the copper clad, the graphics will flip 180 degrees horizontally. Please pay special attention when drawing.
5 Please turn off the power immediately when the transfer machine is not in use. Otherwise, the transfer machine is always in heating state.
4. Photosensitive PCB manufacturing method
There is also a photosensitive PCB single-sided board for selection. The computer makes a 1:1 black and white image, takes a circuit board of the size of the design, tears off the protective film, attaches the image to the board, exposes it to the sun for 5-10 minutes, and develops 1:20 with the special developer. Developing, when the exposed part is exposed (exposing copper), rinse off with water. Then it was etched with ferric chloride. When using double-sided panels, double-sided photosensitive panels are used. When exposed, care should be taken to protect the unexposed areas with black paper.
Now laboratory research or small-scale production of printed circuit boards, thermal transfer method can be used. Circuit board production method is simple and fast.
(1) Drawing a printed circuit
With Protel, orcad and other graphics software, you can even use the "paint" or word of windows to create printed circuit board graphics.
(2) Print the circuit on thermal transfer paper with a laser printer
Use the computer to make the circuit board pattern, print it out on the plain paper first, check and correct, then use the laser printer to print the pattern on the smooth surface of the transfer paper. Because the circuit is printed on the transfer paper first, and then the transfer paper is attached to the copper surface of the copper-clad board, and the circuit is transferred onto the copper-clad board. Therefore, pay attention to the front and back of the circuit when printing. In addition, when the transfer paper has just been printed out, the toner is not yet cooled and fixed. Please remove the transfer paper from the printer. Do not touch any part of the printer with the graphics surface, and do not immediately touch the toner of any part of the graphics with your hands. The circuit diagram is damaged. Do not fold the transfer paper as it may cause disconnection.
(3) Transfer printing plate
The circuit diagram printed on the thermal transfer paper is transferred to a copper-clad board.
1 Clean the surface of the copper plate to remove grease, stains and burrs. Note: This is an important part of ensuring plate quality.
2 Fix the transfer paper on the copper plate. Generally, the side of the transfer paper beyond the copper-clad plate is tightly pressed against the copper-clad plate and folded to the back, and is fixed. If you do double-sided board, you need to transfer it side by side, make alignment holes on the circuit diagram, and strictly align the transfer paper, and be careful not to dirty the other circuit board or damage the other circuit. .
3 Set the transfer machine. The transfer machine has different models for different manufacturers, generally need to set the temperature, transfer speed, etc. After the power is turned on, the system performs self-checks on the inside of the system. The motor and heater will enter the working state at the same time. After a few seconds, the instant temperature of the heated roller will be displayed. Different types of transfer machines have slightly different operation steps. Generally, the heating temperature is set before the transfer. At the same time, press the temperature setting button, press the "▲" or "▼" button to modify the temperature setting value ( Specifically see the instructions). The temperature should generally not exceed 160°C. .
4 transfer plate. Put the copper-clad board with the transfer paper on it into the transfer machine. After a while, the copper-coated board will be sent from the back of the transfer machine. After the temperature drops, gently lift the transfer paper and check the circuit board carefully. If there are major defects, the transfer paper should be affixed to the transfer machine and transferred once. For minor defects, repair with an oily marker. (If you do not have a transfer machine, you can use the iron ironing method can also transfer the circuit diagram on the transfer paper to the copper plate. Note the flat copper placed.)
(4) Corrosion circuit board
After the copper plate is cooled, the thermal transfer paper is peeled off and placed in an etching solution to be etched (the corrosion method described above). The subsequent steps are the same as described previously.
(5) Precautions
1 The transfer paper is a disposable paper. If it is reused, the heat-melted graphics can easily cause contamination of the laser printer cartridge. In severe cases, the printer cartridge may be damaged.
2 Transfer paper is a special media paper, coated with a multi-layer polymer material, with the characteristics of high temperature resistance and easy transfer. General paper can not be used.
3 To ensure the quality of the plate, the width of the drawn line should not be less than 0.3mm.
4 Due to the pattern transfer to the copper clad, the graphics will flip 180 degrees horizontally. Please pay special attention when drawing.
5 Please turn off the power immediately when the transfer machine is not in use. Otherwise, the transfer machine is always in heating state.
4. Photosensitive PCB manufacturing method
There is also a photosensitive PCB single-sided board for selection. The computer makes a 1:1 black and white image, takes a circuit board of the size of the design, tears off the protective film, attaches the image to the board, exposes it to the sun for 5-10 minutes, and develops 1:20 with the special developer. Developing, when the exposed part is exposed (exposing copper), rinse off with water. Then it was etched with ferric chloride. When using double-sided panels, double-sided photosensitive panels are used. When exposed, care should be taken to protect the unexposed areas with black paper.
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