The practicality of college students' exercise prescriptions Date:2016-01-06 09:02
The pass will need to pass through Mul to move CPu! An experimental study on the use of exercise prescriptions after 3 days was conducted to investigate the effects of exercise prescription exercise for students of different ages and genders, and the practical significance of physical exercise prescription teaching model for college sports reform. The experimental results show that college students exercise fitness exercise prescription exercise has a strong pertinence, science and high effectiveness, fitness exercise prescription teaching model has an important role in promoting college sports teaching reform. 1 Based on the research conducted by the American physiologist Capovich in the 1950s, this research topic points out that people have a scientific choice in their physical activity when they deal with sports items, content, and methods, and they can achieve good exercise results. The concept of exercise prescription is the main goal of physical exercise to enhance physical fitness and promote physical and mental health, according to the individual's physical conditions, it is just like a doctor prescribes a prescription for the patient.The fitness exercise prescription includes fitness content and The selection of exercise methods, the intensity of physical activity and the frequency of exercise during exercise, the grasp of exercise time, and the supervision of self-medical supervision, etc. exercise prescriptions are highly scientific, pertinent, and operable for the exercise of exercisers. During school, physical and mental development is affected by the time of study and physical exercise.Many studies have reported the overall poor status of cardiovascular function in Chinese college students.In recent years, the issues concerning the physical and mental health of college students have also become the focus of attention. A large number of survey findings The constitutional status and psychological and mental health problems of contemporary college students are more prominent.According to the actual reform of university physical education teaching, using physical fitness exercise prescriptions for physical education is a very practical issue that promotes the development of physical education in colleges and universities. The topic is to explore the effects of exercise prescription exercise for students of different ages and genders through the use of exercise prescriptions in university physical education and extracurricular sports activities. The application of fitness exercise prescription models in college sports and extracurricular sports activities To cultivate students' interest in sports and lifelong sports, to master correct methods of exercise and sports skills, to improve their self-training abilities, to develop habits of regular participation in sports and fitness, and to seek a reform suitable for sports in colleges and universities in the new century. 2 Research objects and methods 2.1 Research objects The study subjects are students of the same grade and same grade with less differences in age, gender, physical condition, and psychological factors. Under the same teaching environment and conditions at the same time, the experimental class presses “fitness exercisesâ€. prescription “Teaching mode is taught in class, and the control class is taught according to the conventional teaching mode. The specific target is 37 foreign language students in the 98 foreign language department (ordinary physical education class in the first grade), 34 students in the control class, all girls, and 7 Chinese language departments. In the physical education class, 13 males and 18 females were included in the experimental class, 31 in total, and 11 males and 21 females, with a total of 32. 2.2 Research Methods This research project focuses on experimental research and combines modern pedagogy with The disciplines of sociology, psychology, physiology, and sports disciplines were carried out in stages and phases from September 1998 to June 1999 (1998-1999 academic year), and before, after and after the experiment, exercise capacity, physical fitness, physiology, Tests for psychological indicators etc. Specific steps are as follows: Exercise ability test: The contents of national university student athletic ability tests are used, including: 50 meters, 800 meters (female) 1000 meters (male), standing long jump, sit-ups/points (female) cited Physical up (male), shot (or solid ball) and other five; physical fitness determination: physical fitness test indicators in accordance with the "China Adult Measurement Method" in the unified method. Test indicators include cardiopulmonary function (blood pressure, vital capacity), muscle strength (grip strength, vertical jump, sit-ups), anaerobic endurance (10 meters X 4 round-trips), aerobic endurance (step test), flexibility (in front of the seat body Flexion) and sebum thickness. Measurement of human physiology under laboratory conditions: The maximum oxygen uptake and ventilatory threshold for assessing cardiopulmonary function under laboratory conditions, combined with physical fitness determination, can scientifically and objectively reflect changes in bodily functions. The specific operation method is: According to the above two different teaching models of students randomly divided into groups, 98 foreign language experimental class 10 female students, control class 10 female students; 97 Chinese experimental class male 10, female 10, control class There are 9 males and 11 females. The total number of test classes was 10 males and 20 females, with a total of 30; 9 males and 20 females were compared with 59 females. Subjects in the body sin large S ventilation threshold xnki. One 1. The eighth set of radio gymnastics 2. Positioning freehand exercise - joint exercises two 1. Teaching material content: General teaching teaching one-hundred long jump fitness teaching teaching - all kinds of jump class Fitness exercise, development of jumping and jumping ability, and improvement of physical activity stamina; (1) exchange of single and double legs, multiple jumps, steps (5), standing and jumping, multi-step springboard (6) various jump teaching materials Teaching method (7) various kinds of running specialized exercises 2. fitness quality content: a variety of aerobic metabolism endurance exercise and aerobic fitness running, gym aerobic weight-bearing exercise, etc.; 3. active game and relax finishing exercise; 4. Theory: Fitness lectures: The concept of sports, the purpose and tasks of college sports, and the role of physical exercise and fitness. Collective and group, individual companions robbed for two determinations and completed within the same period as above. The test was performed by an active treadmill and measured according to the Astrund method. The determination of maximum oxygen uptake: (1) Respiratory quotient above 1.10; 2) Heart rate (HR) over 180 beats/minute; (3) Oxygen uptake (V02 platform appears. Ventilation threshold is determined according to Davis's method. Psychological test: According to the content of “Chinese sports mentality of mental healthâ€, including the formulation and implementation of 3 fitness exercise prescription teaching 3.1 The guiding idea of ​​designing fitness exercise prescription The design of fitness exercise prescription includes the choice of sports items, exercise load The use of arrangements and teaching methods emphasizes fitness, embodies scientificity, guarantees practicality and effectiveness, combines knowledge and interest, and distinguishes exercise prescriptions from exercise prescriptions for sports rehabilitation and medical care. The actual situation of ordinary physical education at the university - our province just reorganized the "Guangdong Province General Colleges Physical Education Syllabus," and clearly stipulated that the province's ordinary colleges and universities must implement the provincial outline. Therefore, based on this build a new "fitness Exercise Prescription teaching model system and the selection of teaching materials and teaching methods. Highlight a key point (to enhance Quality is the key point. Emphasizes a 98-level experimental class (physical fitness teaching materials for preschool physical education (centered on students' fitness) and achieves three combinations (combination of exercise and fitness, combination of theory and practice, and in-class education. Combined with extracurricular activities, under the guidance of a physical education teacher, fully mobilize, develop, and develop students' awareness, behavior, and habits of “self-autonomy†in fitness. 3.2 Exercise Prescription Teaching Outline and Class Hour-time Exercises in Class 98 Experimental Classes (General Physical Education Classes) The contents of exercise prescription teaching materials mainly include three categories: First, sports textbooks and fitness classes (mainly including jumping, hurdling, sprinting, middle and long-distance running, ball, swimming, etc.) Second, exercise ability fitness (mainly including speed, endurance, strength, and jumping , flexibility, agility and game entertainment activities, etc.) Third, physical fitness theory (mainly including the purpose and task of college sports, the role of physical exercise on the human body, physical exercise, physique and evaluation, etc.) 98 experimental class general physical education teaching materials The outline and class schedule are: theory (including theoretical examination) 10 hours, accounting for 20%; fitness practice department (Including a variety of teaching materials content) 40 lessons, accounting for 80%. 97 class experimental class (basketball optional class) textbook content combined with the teaching content of basketball options lesson 3.3 exercise prescription exercise process and requirements for the implementation of the entire fitness exercise prescription In three phases: the first phase, from November to December 1998, from the 10th week to the 18th week (a total of 9 weeks), the implementation of the first set of fitness exercise prescriptions, the contents of which combined with the content of conventional teaching materials (long jump) to develop the jumping force It is mainly for endurance and quality, and it focuses on improving cardiovascular function.See Table 1. Exercises Exercise Heart Rate Tissue Load Intensity Time Maximum Average Type 98 Level Control Classes Follow regular normal teaching materials mode. The teaching contents of the exercise prescription for the 97th class basketball class in the experimental class, the teaching materials for the basketball option class, and the 9th week (a total of 9 weeks) for the second set of exercise prescriptions in the exercise prescription mode Combining the content of regular teaching materials (volleyball) with the development of strength, speed, agility, and endurance, improve Volume, endurance and reaction quality. In the second stage of Yannian 3, the second phase of the immlcPu practice of combining the conventional materials (Hurdle) with the conventional materials (hurdle) actually uses the third phase of bookmark2, the fifth and sixth months of 1999, and the tenth week of the second semester to the eighteenth week (a total of nine weeks). The third set of fitness exercise prescriptions will be implemented based on pre-volume, speed, and endurance quality to improve strength, endurance, and the coordinated development of cardiovascular and body quality. Class 97 experimental class exercise prescriptions, mainly basketball special events, the design and implementation of fitness exercise prescription. 3.3.1 reflects the personality, emphasizing the difference in the process of the experiment, for different individual students vary from person to person, with different exercise intensity and load to treat differently. For individual special students, the content of exercise prescription differs from the amount of exercise. In the experimental class, the students with relatively close exercise capacity and physiological index form a fitness group (about 8 to 10 people) and a fitness partner (2 to 4 people) to facilitate the organization and implementation of fitness exercise prescription teaching and extracurricular fitness activities. The experimental class is based on the teaching model of fitness exercise prescriptions, following the rules and methods of fitness exercises. According to the specific conditions of the student's athletic ability and health test and physiological test indicators, a preliminary diagnosis and assessment will be conducted. Health diagnosis opinions and fitness exercise prescriptions will be issued to enable students to understand their physical health and the teacher’s diagnosis of her physical exercise and fitness exercise. The opinions and practice of classroom teaching and extra-curricular physical exercises according to the fitness exercise prescription pattern. 3.3.2 Grasp reasonable exercise load In fitness, how to grasp the right amount of load, many experts believe that the assessment of physical exercise load indicators exercise heart rate in the 120 ~ 140 beats / min, and as a fitness exercise "best Some experts believe that the exercise intensity of fitness exercise can reach “heart rate + age = 170 beats/min.†Professor Lin Xiaofeng's experimental study believes that each class can arrange 15 to 20 minutes for students to exercise. Heart rate is in the optimal exercise load threshold of 120~140 beats per minute for good fitness effect.According to this principle, in the process of fitness exercise prescription teaching, students are required to correctly grasp under the guidance of the teacher. Good 'best load value threshold', combined with exercise density, intensity, and interval time, comprehensively evaluates and supervises the physical exercise load, does not deliberately pursue the skill level of motor skills, but requires students to effectively enhance Constitution, promote physical and mental health. 3.3.3 According to local conditions, starting from the actual experiment, we will strive to fully reflect and highlight the characteristics of the teacher-training nature of our school and apply the principle of 'high quality and light weight', taking into account the convergence and compatibility with the general physical education teaching program of our province's (national) universities. By breaking through the current general physical education teaching model in colleges and universities, a new path for a new type of fitness exercise prescription teaching model with distinctive and normal characteristics has been created. At the same time, it is easy to be recognized and accepted so that it can be more easily promoted and popularized. The selection of sports prescription teaching materials is not only compatible with the contents of physical education textbooks in general colleges, but also highlights the content of teaching materials for fitness-sports ability. It also emphasizes the mastery of theoretical knowledge and the guidance of experimental methods for fitness methods according to the fitness exercise weekly. Mode teaching 2 hours (80 minutes) The control class is conducted according to the conventional teaching mode.According to the requirements of the "Interim Regulations on Physical Education for Colleges and Universities", the experimental subjects are required to perform 2 sessions per week.) The experimental class has an extra-curricular fitness activity once a week. Participate in and organize the implementation of fitness activities to understand and help students progress effectively Extra-curricular activities to achieve the purpose of combining extra-curricular and extracurricular activities 4 Research results and analysis 41 Students' athletic ability and physical education scores improved significantly 98 students in the experimental class 5 diathesis tests before and after the test results show that 50 meters, shot put and supine There was a significant change in the ability to sit up in three sports, which indicated that students' speed, jumping ability and abdominal strength were greatly improved, but stamina and explosive power were not improved. The reasons for this analysis may be: On the one hand, fitness exercise prescription teaching The content of medium strength and stamina is less, and there is not much exercise in teaching and learning practices; on the other hand, from the physiological and psychological perspectives, women’s ability to maintain strength and endurance is also poor, and the enthusiasm for exercise in practice is relatively low. The athletic ability of male and female students in the 97 experimental class has generally been greatly improved, among which the male athletes' movement ability changes significantly before and after the experiment, showing a significant difference of 0.05), and the speed quality progresses even more, showing a very significant difference (K0.01). ) In addition to the strength of girls (K0.1), stamina, speed, and jumping quality have significantly improved (K0.05). The option lesson is the initiative and enthusiasm of the students to choose their own interest in the item they are interested in; the second is that the sports option class (basketball) is dominated by running and jumping, and the amount of exercise in the teaching is controlled by the exercise prescription method. Therefore, basketball is a project that requires comprehensive and coordinated development of all aspects of the body's qualities and capabilities, and the process of teaching and training is also a process of continuously improving coordination and cooperation. 17.05 points.The changes in students' physical education grades on the one hand explain the enhancement of students' physical constitution and the improvement of their athletic ability. Because the second semester physical education class has increased the content of theoretical examinations, it also shows that students have knowledge of physical education theory. The results show that there is a significant difference in the scores of physical education between the 97 experimental class and the control class students.42 The students’ physical constitution is obviously improved. Increased, analyzed by sports system, showed a very significant change. The results of the physical fitness test before the experiment, with an excellent score of 14 people, accounting for 38 test results after the test, excellent students improved to 22 people, accounting for 63. 2% of good 10 people, accounting for 27.8% of qualified 5 people, accounting for 9 %. The student's rate of excellence is much higher. It can be seen that the changes before and after the students' physique experiments are relatively large, indicating that the fitness exercise prescription teaching model has a significant effect on improving students' athletic ability. Compared with the control class, there was a significant difference in the upper body strength and the jumping power of the male students and the female students in the 97 experimental class compared with the control class (K 0.01), and the stamina was significantly different (K0.05). There is no obvious change in speed quality. The main reason is that the traditional physical education teaching only pays more attention to the mastery and training of technical skills, which highlights the competitive nature. The implementation of fitness exercise prescription teaching is aimed at individual characteristics. The main goal is to enhance physical fitness and promote the development of physical and mental health. In the classroom teaching, the intensity of physical activity, exercise duration and exercise frequency are all highly targeted. Therefore, the improvement in speed quality is not significant. As can be seen from Table 8, there is also a significant difference between the female students in the experimental class and the control class (K0.05), which shows that the implementation of fitness exercise prescription teaching has a good promoting effect on girls' athletic ability. 4.3 Students' Physiological Function Improved The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference in the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the first and second tests of the women's experimental class and the control group, which was at the same normal level as the national university students. Longitudinal comparison of the women's experimental class, the longitudinal comparison of the control group and the experimental class, there was no significant difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure, and it was the same level as the national university students. There were no significant differences in the results of the first and second tests between the women's experimental class and the control group, such as hemoglobin (HGB), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and platelets (PLT). Longitudinal comparison of women's experimental class, 05, 0.05). There was no significant difference in the results of the longitudinal comparison between the experimental group and the control group and the experimental group. Through the implementation of the six-year university student's fitness exercise prescription, it can be seen from the test results that fitness exercise prescriptions have certain improvements in the cardiovascular system and respiratory system, especially for strength, speed, and soft palate. In the second test of the women's experimental class, the vertical jump, sit-ups, and the increase in the 10 items of X4 round-trip exercise reflected the increase in muscle strength and anaerobic speed in the leg and the abdomen. In the longitudinal comparison of the women's experimental class, there were also significant differences in the forward flexion, sit-ups, and 10-meter X4 round-trip running of the women's experimental class, further demonstrating that the fitness exercise prescription has a certain degree of strength and anaerobic speed for female college students. effect. The results of fitness exercise prescriptions for men's college students indicate that there has been a certain increase in strength. The test indicators of physical function can only reflect the body function level from the aspect of strength speed, but from the aspect of aerobic endurance, it can not see the effect of exercise prescription. Perhaps the implementation of exercise prescriptions is short, only six months. Aerobic endurance is affected by genetic factors and it is difficult to improve exercise training. The maximum oxygen uptake reflects the body's maximum aerobic capacity, while the ventilation threshold reflects the body's ability to use its own maximum oxygen uptake. The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in VO2max and maximal ventilation (VEmax) between the first grade and the second grade in females, and the results of the second test were different between the 2nd grade test group and the control group. There are no differences in indicators. Compared with the control group, the VO2max of the female 1st grade experimental class was 05). At the same time, the VT appearance time in the experimental class was compared with that of the control group before and after the significant sexual test. Changes in VO2max, Exercisetime, and VTtime (men's test group a: before and after the test 0. (women's grade 1 test group a: before and after the test 0. fruit VO2max was not apparent Difference, but there is a significant difference in duration and VT time (1
The pass will need to pass through Mul to move CPu! An experimental study on the use of exercise prescriptions after 3 days was conducted to investigate the effects of exercise prescription exercise for students of different ages and genders, and the practical significance of physical exercise prescription teaching model for college sports reform. The experimental results show that college students exercise fitness exercise prescription exercise has a strong pertinence, science and high effectiveness, fitness exercise prescription teaching model has an important role in promoting college sports teaching reform. 1 Based on the research conducted by the American physiologist Capovich in the 1950s, this research topic points out that people have a scientific choice in their physical activity when they deal with sports items, content, and methods, and they can achieve good exercise results. The concept of exercise prescription is the main goal of physical exercise to enhance physical fitness and promote physical and mental health, according to the individual's physical conditions, it is just like a doctor prescribes a prescription for the patient.The fitness exercise prescription includes fitness content and The selection of exercise methods, the intensity of physical activity and the frequency of exercise during exercise, the grasp of exercise time, and the supervision of self-medical supervision, etc. exercise prescriptions are highly scientific, pertinent, and operable for the exercise of exercisers. During school, physical and mental development is affected by the time of study and physical exercise.Many studies have reported the overall poor status of cardiovascular function in Chinese college students.In recent years, the issues concerning the physical and mental health of college students have also become the focus of attention. A large number of survey findings The constitutional status and psychological and mental health problems of contemporary college students are more prominent.According to the actual reform of university physical education teaching, using physical fitness exercise prescriptions for physical education is a very practical issue that promotes the development of physical education in colleges and universities. The topic is to explore the effects of exercise prescription exercise for students of different ages and genders through the use of exercise prescriptions in university physical education and extracurricular sports activities. The application of fitness exercise prescription models in college sports and extracurricular sports activities To cultivate students' interest in sports and lifelong sports, to master correct methods of exercise and sports skills, to improve their self-training abilities, to develop habits of regular participation in sports and fitness, and to seek a reform suitable for sports in colleges and universities in the new century. 2 Research objects and methods 2.1 Research objects The study subjects are students of the same grade and same grade with less differences in age, gender, physical condition, and psychological factors. Under the same teaching environment and conditions at the same time, the experimental class presses “fitness exercisesâ€. prescription “Teaching mode is taught in class, and the control class is taught according to the conventional teaching mode. The specific target is 37 foreign language students in the 98 foreign language department (ordinary physical education class in the first grade), 34 students in the control class, all girls, and 7 Chinese language departments. In the physical education class, 13 males and 18 females were included in the experimental class, 31 in total, and 11 males and 21 females, with a total of 32. 2.2 Research Methods This research project focuses on experimental research and combines modern pedagogy with The disciplines of sociology, psychology, physiology, and sports disciplines were carried out in stages and phases from September 1998 to June 1999 (1998-1999 academic year), and before, after and after the experiment, exercise capacity, physical fitness, physiology, Tests for psychological indicators etc. Specific steps are as follows: Exercise ability test: The contents of national university student athletic ability tests are used, including: 50 meters, 800 meters (female) 1000 meters (male), standing long jump, sit-ups/points (female) cited Physical up (male), shot (or solid ball) and other five; physical fitness determination: physical fitness test indicators in accordance with the "China Adult Measurement Method" in the unified method. Test indicators include cardiopulmonary function (blood pressure, vital capacity), muscle strength (grip strength, vertical jump, sit-ups), anaerobic endurance (10 meters X 4 round-trips), aerobic endurance (step test), flexibility (in front of the seat body Flexion) and sebum thickness. Measurement of human physiology under laboratory conditions: The maximum oxygen uptake and ventilatory threshold for assessing cardiopulmonary function under laboratory conditions, combined with physical fitness determination, can scientifically and objectively reflect changes in bodily functions. The specific operation method is: According to the above two different teaching models of students randomly divided into groups, 98 foreign language experimental class 10 female students, control class 10 female students; 97 Chinese experimental class male 10, female 10, control class There are 9 males and 11 females. The total number of test classes was 10 males and 20 females, with a total of 30; 9 males and 20 females were compared with 59 females. Subjects in the body sin large S ventilation threshold xnki. One 1. The eighth set of radio gymnastics 2. Positioning freehand exercise - joint exercises two 1. Teaching material content: General teaching teaching one-hundred long jump fitness teaching teaching - all kinds of jump class Fitness exercise, development of jumping and jumping ability, and improvement of physical activity stamina; (1) exchange of single and double legs, multiple jumps, steps (5), standing and jumping, multi-step springboard (6) various jump teaching materials Teaching method (7) various kinds of running specialized exercises 2. fitness quality content: a variety of aerobic metabolism endurance exercise and aerobic fitness running, gym aerobic weight-bearing exercise, etc.; 3. active game and relax finishing exercise; 4. Theory: Fitness lectures: The concept of sports, the purpose and tasks of college sports, and the role of physical exercise and fitness. Collective and group, individual companions robbed for two determinations and completed within the same period as above. The test was performed by an active treadmill and measured according to the Astrund method. The determination of maximum oxygen uptake: (1) Respiratory quotient above 1.10; 2) Heart rate (HR) over 180 beats/minute; (3) Oxygen uptake (V02 platform appears. Ventilation threshold is determined according to Davis's method. Psychological test: According to the content of “Chinese sports mentality of mental healthâ€, including the formulation and implementation of 3 fitness exercise prescription teaching 3.1 The guiding idea of ​​designing fitness exercise prescription The design of fitness exercise prescription includes the choice of sports items, exercise load The use of arrangements and teaching methods emphasizes fitness, embodies scientificity, guarantees practicality and effectiveness, combines knowledge and interest, and distinguishes exercise prescriptions from exercise prescriptions for sports rehabilitation and medical care. The actual situation of ordinary physical education at the university - our province just reorganized the "Guangdong Province General Colleges Physical Education Syllabus," and clearly stipulated that the province's ordinary colleges and universities must implement the provincial outline. Therefore, based on this build a new "fitness Exercise Prescription teaching model system and the selection of teaching materials and teaching methods. Highlight a key point (to enhance Quality is the key point. Emphasizes a 98-level experimental class (physical fitness teaching materials for preschool physical education (centered on students' fitness) and achieves three combinations (combination of exercise and fitness, combination of theory and practice, and in-class education. Combined with extracurricular activities, under the guidance of a physical education teacher, fully mobilize, develop, and develop students' awareness, behavior, and habits of “self-autonomy†in fitness. 3.2 Exercise Prescription Teaching Outline and Class Hour-time Exercises in Class 98 Experimental Classes (General Physical Education Classes) The contents of exercise prescription teaching materials mainly include three categories: First, sports textbooks and fitness classes (mainly including jumping, hurdling, sprinting, middle and long-distance running, ball, swimming, etc.) Second, exercise ability fitness (mainly including speed, endurance, strength, and jumping , flexibility, agility and game entertainment activities, etc.) Third, physical fitness theory (mainly including the purpose and task of college sports, the role of physical exercise on the human body, physical exercise, physique and evaluation, etc.) 98 experimental class general physical education teaching materials The outline and class schedule are: theory (including theoretical examination) 10 hours, accounting for 20%; fitness practice department (Including a variety of teaching materials content) 40 lessons, accounting for 80%. 97 class experimental class (basketball optional class) textbook content combined with the teaching content of basketball options lesson 3.3 exercise prescription exercise process and requirements for the implementation of the entire fitness exercise prescription In three phases: the first phase, from November to December 1998, from the 10th week to the 18th week (a total of 9 weeks), the implementation of the first set of fitness exercise prescriptions, the contents of which combined with the content of conventional teaching materials (long jump) to develop the jumping force It is mainly for endurance and quality, and it focuses on improving cardiovascular function.See Table 1. Exercises Exercise Heart Rate Tissue Load Intensity Time Maximum Average Type 98 Level Control Classes Follow regular normal teaching materials mode. The teaching contents of the exercise prescription for the 97th class basketball class in the experimental class, the teaching materials for the basketball option class, and the 9th week (a total of 9 weeks) for the second set of exercise prescriptions in the exercise prescription mode Combining the content of regular teaching materials (volleyball) with the development of strength, speed, agility, and endurance, improve Volume, endurance and reaction quality. In the second stage of Yannian 3, the second phase of the immlcPu practice of combining the conventional materials (Hurdle) with the conventional materials (hurdle) actually uses the third phase of bookmark2, the fifth and sixth months of 1999, and the tenth week of the second semester to the eighteenth week (a total of nine weeks). The third set of fitness exercise prescriptions will be implemented based on pre-volume, speed, and endurance quality to improve strength, endurance, and the coordinated development of cardiovascular and body quality. Class 97 experimental class exercise prescriptions, mainly basketball special events, the design and implementation of fitness exercise prescription. 3.3.1 reflects the personality, emphasizing the difference in the process of the experiment, for different individual students vary from person to person, with different exercise intensity and load to treat differently. For individual special students, the content of exercise prescription differs from the amount of exercise. In the experimental class, the students with relatively close exercise capacity and physiological index form a fitness group (about 8 to 10 people) and a fitness partner (2 to 4 people) to facilitate the organization and implementation of fitness exercise prescription teaching and extracurricular fitness activities. The experimental class is based on the teaching model of fitness exercise prescriptions, following the rules and methods of fitness exercises. According to the specific conditions of the student's athletic ability and health test and physiological test indicators, a preliminary diagnosis and assessment will be conducted. Health diagnosis opinions and fitness exercise prescriptions will be issued to enable students to understand their physical health and the teacher’s diagnosis of her physical exercise and fitness exercise. The opinions and practice of classroom teaching and extra-curricular physical exercises according to the fitness exercise prescription pattern. 3.3.2 Grasp reasonable exercise load In fitness, how to grasp the right amount of load, many experts believe that the assessment of physical exercise load indicators exercise heart rate in the 120 ~ 140 beats / min, and as a fitness exercise "best Some experts believe that the exercise intensity of fitness exercise can reach “heart rate + age = 170 beats/min.†Professor Lin Xiaofeng's experimental study believes that each class can arrange 15 to 20 minutes for students to exercise. Heart rate is in the optimal exercise load threshold of 120~140 beats per minute for good fitness effect.According to this principle, in the process of fitness exercise prescription teaching, students are required to correctly grasp under the guidance of the teacher. Good 'best load value threshold', combined with exercise density, intensity, and interval time, comprehensively evaluates and supervises the physical exercise load, does not deliberately pursue the skill level of motor skills, but requires students to effectively enhance Constitution, promote physical and mental health. 3.3.3 According to local conditions, starting from the actual experiment, we will strive to fully reflect and highlight the characteristics of the teacher-training nature of our school and apply the principle of 'high quality and light weight', taking into account the convergence and compatibility with the general physical education teaching program of our province's (national) universities. By breaking through the current general physical education teaching model in colleges and universities, a new path for a new type of fitness exercise prescription teaching model with distinctive and normal characteristics has been created. At the same time, it is easy to be recognized and accepted so that it can be more easily promoted and popularized. The selection of sports prescription teaching materials is not only compatible with the contents of physical education textbooks in general colleges, but also highlights the content of teaching materials for fitness-sports ability. It also emphasizes the mastery of theoretical knowledge and the guidance of experimental methods for fitness methods according to the fitness exercise weekly. Mode teaching 2 hours (80 minutes) The control class is conducted according to the conventional teaching mode.According to the requirements of the "Interim Regulations on Physical Education for Colleges and Universities", the experimental subjects are required to perform 2 sessions per week.) The experimental class has an extra-curricular fitness activity once a week. Participate in and organize the implementation of fitness activities to understand and help students progress effectively Extra-curricular activities to achieve the purpose of combining extra-curricular and extracurricular activities 4 Research results and analysis 41 Students' athletic ability and physical education scores improved significantly 98 students in the experimental class 5 diathesis tests before and after the test results show that 50 meters, shot put and supine There was a significant change in the ability to sit up in three sports, which indicated that students' speed, jumping ability and abdominal strength were greatly improved, but stamina and explosive power were not improved. The reasons for this analysis may be: On the one hand, fitness exercise prescription teaching The content of medium strength and stamina is less, and there is not much exercise in teaching and learning practices; on the other hand, from the physiological and psychological perspectives, women’s ability to maintain strength and endurance is also poor, and the enthusiasm for exercise in practice is relatively low. The athletic ability of male and female students in the 97 experimental class has generally been greatly improved, among which the male athletes' movement ability changes significantly before and after the experiment, showing a significant difference of 0.05), and the speed quality progresses even more, showing a very significant difference (K0.01). ) In addition to the strength of girls (K0.1), stamina, speed, and jumping quality have significantly improved (K0.05). The option lesson is the initiative and enthusiasm of the students to choose their own interest in the item they are interested in; the second is that the sports option class (basketball) is dominated by running and jumping, and the amount of exercise in the teaching is controlled by the exercise prescription method. Therefore, basketball is a project that requires comprehensive and coordinated development of all aspects of the body's qualities and capabilities, and the process of teaching and training is also a process of continuously improving coordination and cooperation. 17.05 points.The changes in students' physical education grades on the one hand explain the enhancement of students' physical constitution and the improvement of their athletic ability. Because the second semester physical education class has increased the content of theoretical examinations, it also shows that students have knowledge of physical education theory. The results show that there is a significant difference in the scores of physical education between the 97 experimental class and the control class students.42 The students’ physical constitution is obviously improved. Increased, analyzed by sports system, showed a very significant change. The results of the physical fitness test before the experiment, with an excellent score of 14 people, accounting for 38 test results after the test, excellent students improved to 22 people, accounting for 63. 2% of good 10 people, accounting for 27.8% of qualified 5 people, accounting for 9 %. The student's rate of excellence is much higher. It can be seen that the changes before and after the students' physique experiments are relatively large, indicating that the fitness exercise prescription teaching model has a significant effect on improving students' athletic ability. Compared with the control class, there was a significant difference in the upper body strength and the jumping power of the male students and the female students in the 97 experimental class compared with the control class (K 0.01), and the stamina was significantly different (K0.05). There is no obvious change in speed quality. The main reason is that the traditional physical education teaching only pays more attention to the mastery and training of technical skills, which highlights the competitive nature. The implementation of fitness exercise prescription teaching is aimed at individual characteristics. The main goal is to enhance physical fitness and promote the development of physical and mental health. In the classroom teaching, the intensity of physical activity, exercise duration and exercise frequency are all highly targeted. Therefore, the improvement in speed quality is not significant. As can be seen from Table 8, there is also a significant difference between the female students in the experimental class and the control class (K0.05), which shows that the implementation of fitness exercise prescription teaching has a good promoting effect on girls' athletic ability. 4.3 Students' Physiological Function Improved The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference in the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the first and second tests of the women's experimental class and the control group, which was at the same normal level as the national university students. Longitudinal comparison of the women's experimental class, the longitudinal comparison of the control group and the experimental class, there was no significant difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure, and it was the same level as the national university students. There were no significant differences in the results of the first and second tests between the women's experimental class and the control group, such as hemoglobin (HGB), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and platelets (PLT). Longitudinal comparison of women's experimental class, 05, 0.05). There was no significant difference in the results of the longitudinal comparison between the experimental group and the control group and the experimental group. Through the implementation of the six-year university student's fitness exercise prescription, it can be seen from the test results that fitness exercise prescriptions have certain improvements in the cardiovascular system and respiratory system, especially for strength, speed, and soft palate. In the second test of the women's experimental class, the vertical jump, sit-ups, and the increase in the 10 items of X4 round-trip exercise reflected the increase in muscle strength and anaerobic speed in the leg and the abdomen. In the longitudinal comparison of the women's experimental class, there were also significant differences in the forward flexion, sit-ups, and 10-meter X4 round-trip running of the women's experimental class, further demonstrating that the fitness exercise prescription has a certain degree of strength and anaerobic speed for female college students. effect. The results of fitness exercise prescriptions for men's college students indicate that there has been a certain increase in strength. The test indicators of physical function can only reflect the body function level from the aspect of strength speed, but from the aspect of aerobic endurance, it can not see the effect of exercise prescription. Perhaps the implementation of exercise prescriptions is short, only six months. Aerobic endurance is affected by genetic factors and it is difficult to improve exercise training. The maximum oxygen uptake reflects the body's maximum aerobic capacity, while the ventilation threshold reflects the body's ability to use its own maximum oxygen uptake. The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in VO2max and maximal ventilation (VEmax) between the first grade and the second grade in females, and the results of the second test were different between the 2nd grade test group and the control group. There are no differences in indicators. Compared with the control group, the VO2max of the female 1st grade experimental class was 05). At the same time, the VT appearance time in the experimental class was compared with that of the control group before and after the significant sexual test. Changes in VO2max, Exercisetime, and VTtime (men's test group a: before and after the test 0. (women's grade 1 test group a: before and after the test 0. fruit VO2max was not apparent Difference, but there is a significant difference in duration and VT time (1
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