With the introduction of the related concepts of "smart" such as "smart city" and "smart planet" and the vigorous development in academic research and practice construction, the word "wisdom" has attracted people's attention and how to use smart IT technology. For example, the Internet of Things and cloud computing have become the issues that people think about when they apply to the development and construction of their industries. In this context, the "smart library" came out, and while being given rich connotations, it also really entered the research field of vision.
The Smart Library is currently in the initial stages of development. By discussing the definition and characteristics of the Internet of Things, the concept and characteristics of the intelligent library, as well as the basic requirements and development stages of the intelligent library, and the key issues in the process of building a smart library, and the RFID system in the smart library are proposed. Application architecture and broad prospects. It can be seen that the smart library is a new model for the future development of libraries.
How to treat the "smart library", what is the difference between "smart library" and "smart library"? How to build a "smart library" service as a library for its existence and core value Ways to achieve and so on. Xiao Bian now tries to solve the above problems on the basis of the concept, development, connotation and meaning of the "smart library".
First, the concept of a smart library
SmarterLibrary is a smarter way to change the way users and library system information resources interact with each other by using a new generation of information technology to improve the clarity, flexibility and responsiveness of interactions. A library model for intelligent service and management.
Smart Library = Library IoT Cloud computing intelligent device, which realizes intelligent service and management through the Internet of Things. The Wisdom Library realizes communication between users, communication between users and libraries, communication between libraries, communication between users and information resources, and communication between information resources through the Internet of Things. Its highest stage is that all parts are intelligently completed by the library, without manual intervention, to achieve a "smart" state.
Second, the characteristics of the smart library
The Wisdom Library based on the Internet of Things is an all-round open library, a comprehensive academic resource information service center, a fully equipped activity center, and a smart center that is efficient, convenient and energy-saving. It has the following three main features:
1. Wisdom of communication: Utilize a variety of internal and external information exchange means of the Internet of Things, as well as advanced IoT communication equipment to form a communication intelligent system based on the Internet of Things. In the smart library, not only can the existing Internet be used to carry out document information services, but more importantly, it can also use the Internet of Things technology to achieve a wider range of information resources.
2. Wisdom of Building: Intelligent control and comprehensive management of various machines and equipment in the library building constitutes a building intelligent system. Its fire protection and security system is intelligent. The air conditioning system can detect the harmful pollutants in the air and can be automatically ventilated and disinfected to ensure the safety and health of the personnel in the museum. It also intelligently adjusts temperature, humidity, and illumination to control background noise, providing a comfortable environment for readers. At the same time, the intelligent system can make the operation, maintenance and maintenance of various kinds of machinery and equipment in the library more intelligent, so as to optimize the allocation of human and material resources, and achieve the purpose of reducing costs, saving energy and reducing emissions.
3. Service Wisdom: In the intelligent library, through the Internet of Things, the independent transaction processing is linked through information exchange and resource sharing, and a service intelligent system with transaction processing, management and decision-making functions is constructed. By using it, staff can learn and accept various knowledge and skills in a scientific, new and high-speed way, and improve the ability to analyze, compare and refine various information, thus realizing the wisdom of services.
Third, the basic requirements of the intellectual library for the Internet of Things technology
1. A more thorough perception: This is a broader concept that goes beyond traditional sensors, digital cameras and RFID. Specifically, it refers to smart libraries that employ new devices, systems, or processes that can sense, measure, capture, and deliver information anytime, anywhere. By applying these IoT technologies, any information, from literature and data resources to library operational status or user needs, can be quickly accessed and analyzed for immediate response.
2. More comprehensive interconnection: Interconnection refers to the connection of distributed information and data collected and stored by user electronic equipment, library resources and other information service organizations through various forms of high-speed and high-bandwidth communication network tools. , for interaction and multi-party sharing. Analyze data from a global perspective and solve problems in real time, so that learning, work and tasks can be done remotely through multi-party collaboration, thus better intelligentizing services for all types of users, completely changing the way the entire library operates.
3. Deeper Wisdom: This refers to the in-depth analysis of the collected data by the Smart Library System to solve specific problems more novelly, systematically and comprehensively. This requires the use of advanced technologies (such as data mining and analysis tools, scientific models, and powerful computing systems) for complex data analysis, aggregation, and calculations to intelligently integrate and analyze vast amounts of cross-regional, interdisciplinary data and Information, and the specific knowledge is more intelligently applied to specific industries, specific scenarios, and specific issues to meet the needs of people's deeper and more diverse.
Fourth, the design of the wisdom library
1. The development stage of the intelligent library based on the Internet of Things
1 exploration stage: At present, the application of the Internet of Things in the library is mainly based on the simple application of RFID as the key technology. From the interviews, divisions, and processing of documents to circulation, collections, and reader cards, RFID tags and readers have completely replaced traditional equipment such as bar codes and magnetic strips. After applying this technology, the library simplifies the operation procedures of borrowing books and periodicals, improves the speed of collecting books and publications, and the efficiency of the book's homing and circulation. It also provides readers with a series of self-services and realizes the library. Efficient operation. However, this is only the initial exploration of the Internet of Things technology in the library, and it is still far from the true wisdom library.
2Introduction stage----Information convergence: Data collected from different types of libraries and different types of sensor networks are collected, that is, the sensor network and the mobile communication network are initially combined, and the sensory data is aggregated into a certain concentration. The platform processes and shares information, provides relatively simple application services, and realizes the interconnection and intercommunication of various objects and information carriers in the library.
3 Development Stage----Collaborative Perception: Driven by events, tasks and goals, collaborative work at all levels of perception, network and application, intelligent acquisition and processing of environment, goals, etc., providing smarter and more precise The diversified and perceptive information service makes the library enter a semi-intelligent state.
4 Target stage----ubiquitous aggregation: Internet of Things technology is widely used in various fields of the library, realizing the interconnection of any person, any thing, any information carrier, any time, any place, massive information in the Internet of Things platform. Aggregation generates new information and triggers new business and service models to achieve the highest goal of IoT in library applications—the smart library.
2. The future development trend of modern digital libraries
1 "massive" information resources digitization: In digital libraries, digital resources can be text, graphics, images, audio, video information, and information carriers can be mobile hard disks, u disks, optical disks, etc. All resources are stored in digital form. On the physical medium, the libraries of the world and thousands of computers are connected through the network. The “collection†resources are no longer “privateâ€, but are oriented to the world and can be enjoyed by anyone. The original information The fence will be removed.
2 “Ubiquitous†services are ubiquitous: in the new information environment, a large amount of information and data is generated all the time. Enable users to be free from the services provided by physical libraries—whenever and wherever, users can get the information and services they need, even without accessing the library's website.
3 "Smart" management intelligence: document positioning navigation, accurate collection, information retrieval, etc. all need intelligent management. It not only requires the navigation of the page, but also the physical storage information of the literature can be found intuitively and self-help. It is not limited by the layout method and the professional call number. It also requires the accuracy of the collection of documents, new books, and location changes. Real-time processing and intelligent information retrieval at the same time can perform single word search on book information or group search search for multiple search words.
It is not difficult to see that the future development trend of smart libraries provides a broad space for the development and application of RFID in the library system.
V. Key issues in building a smart library at this stage
1. Cost is the primary concern
To fully apply the Internet of Things to smart libraries, it is necessary to solve its economic problems. Users are connected with things, things and things. Even for local Internet of Things, libraries need to invest a lot. At present, RFID tags are more expensive and will not be lowered to a lower level in a short period of time. The library has millions of literature resources, plus the systems and equipment needed to build a large network. The investment will be quite huge.
2. Standards are the core issue of development
The current dilemma of the development of the Internet of Things stems from the lack of uniform standards, leading to prominent problems such as slow product innovation, high business costs, and poor service quality. In addition, the integration of RFID systems with the existing Library Automation Integration System (CILAS) is difficult. CILAS is based on bar code technology and magnetic stripe technology. RFID systems are based on RFID tag technology. They need to be integrated in communication protocols, interfaces, data formats, etc., if there is no mature platform and technology. It is very difficult to complete. Finally, information exchange and information exchange between different heterogeneous systems must also be addressed.
3. Key technologies are bottlenecks in development
The ubiquitous wireless sensor network is an indispensable infrastructure for the Internet of Things, and digital signals generated by electronic media placed on the physical can be transmitted through it at any time and any place. Therefore, the establishment of a complete Internet of Things, including short- to long-range wireless networks, is the primary issue we face. As a key technology, RFID has not yet fully entered the industrialization of its core areas. At present, domestic RFID is mainly based on low frequency, and UHF RFID has just entered the initial stage of industrial application, such as middleware, application solutions and other industrial chains need to be improved. In addition, the intelligent library construction based on the Internet of Things must also achieve comprehensive coordination in communication support technology, information processing, filtering, storage, command response technology, and network interface and transmission technology.
4. Trouble with privacy and security issues
The Internet of Things carries a large amount of data information than the existing network. The identification or identification code of any tag in the RFID system can be arbitrarily scanned remotely, and the tag will automatically respond to the reader's instructions indiscriminately. And transfer the information it stores to the reader. In particular, sensors and smart tags can track users' actions, habits, and preferences. This will inevitably invade personal privacy issues. Therefore, how to protect information resources and user privacy has become a problem to build a smart library.
6. Development and management of a new model of smart libraries
Different industries will have different applications and will have different requirements. In order to successfully build a smart library, it is necessary to combine the characteristics of a smart library to conduct in-depth research and valuable development of the Internet of Things. Operators and IoT technology companies must develop an application system that enables smart libraries to reach their ideal state. This is a difficult step and requires a certain amount of time. It requires an IoT system to be basically formed, and some applications need to be modeled.
What is more difficult is that the library must make adjustments in order to use the system, that is, to change the original business process and work form of the library, adjust the relationship between the library and the outside world, and even the culture and behavior of the library. This management approach, which is different from what was previously needed, requires a step-by-step, innovation-based agenda; fostering an organizational culture and process that welcomes and embraces “intelligenceâ€; and the need to develop new skills that staff are constantly adapting and evolving.
VII. Implementation of smart library project based on RFID system
The hardware part of the RFID book management system consists of a library management system server, a production workstation, an electronic tag, an electronic detection door, a counter workstation, a self-service borrowing and returning machine, a self-service return book box, an inventory workstation, and a wisdom bookshelf. The management software application system should include: handheld device inquiry system, librarian workstation application function integration system, RFID tag initialization conversion system, reader self-service lending and borrowing system, shelf and inventory system, and security management system. The system hardware structure is shown in the figure.
System hardware structure diagram
The library management system server, the main function is to provide inventory related statistical reports, book related information query, device status information query, administrator account management, provide bibliographic file interface and database support services. The main function of the production workstation is to set the authority control of the relevant production staff, check the production information of related books, and make electronic labels for books. The electronic detection door supports single channel and dual channel. The main function is real-time online server to send and receive relevant personnel to do statistics, provide trigger contacts, online access control system and monitoring system to make security reminders. The counter workstation supports the current library automation system in the industry. The main function is to set and release the electronic label security code and support offline operations. The self-service lending machine can be used for long-time booting operation. The main function supports one-time borrowing of multiple books. When borrowing, it supports real-time borrowing of borrowing books and personnel recording functions, and printing and lending documents. Self-service book box, can provide more than one book return service 24 hours a day, to provide readers with friendly operation guidelines, can also be configured with automatic sorting machine for book classification. The main function of the inventory workstation is to use the wireless network to return the inventory records, support multiple devices to count at the same time, and support the shelf shelf and search books. The wisdom bookshelf is mainly used by the library for intelligent management, such as rapid positioning, real-time management, record management, and statistical reports.
Eight, summary
In summary, in the IoT environment, the latest Internet of Things technology will continue to be applied to libraries, promote the development of libraries to smart libraries, provide users with various intelligent services, and set off a new wave of modern library development. . Here, we have made a preliminary design for the current smart library. In the future, with the continuous development of technology and the continuous reduction of costs, smart libraries can truly achieve convenience and wisdom.
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