There are often some kind of goodwill reminders on the Internet that ID cards and mobile phones and TVs will be degaussed together, and there are rumors that they can get rich in the subway or bus on the bus or bus. Return and so on. Are these messages true? What is the "degaussing"? Can the chip card be "degaussed" in the end? With the upgrade of bank cards from magnetic strips to chips, people will be more and more exposed to similar cards, and these problems will also cause more and more people to suffer. Here is a brief summary of some basic common sense, hoping to play a part of the answer. Special note: The narrative of this article is only to summarize some facts and the inductive sorting from the perspective of theoretical introduction. The author has not practiced the practice of the body, and welcomes the bricks when it is inappropriate.
First, the magnetic stripe card and "degaussing"
The principle of the magnetic stripe card recording data information is the same as that of the tape of the recorder and the disk of the computer, and the information is stored by the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic material on the magnetic strip under different magnetic fields. Just as the contents of an audio tape can be erased (erased) by the recorder, the data recorded in the magnetic strip is easily erased by the magnetic card reader. The so-called "degaussing" means that the information inside the magnetic strip is destroyed, so that the magnetic stripe card cannot be used normally on the corresponding device. Then put the phone and the magnetic card together, and if the magnetic card and the magnetic card are put together, will the magnetic card be demagnetized? Including Beijing TV station and fruit shell network have done corresponding tests, which proves that whether the mobile phone or multiple magnetic cards are simply stacked together, the magnetic stripe information will not be demagnetized due to magnetic field interference (of course, if the magnetic card is placed high Beside magnetic objects, such as a large magnet, may be degaussed). But this does not mean that the phone and the magnetic card are absolutely safe. If you put a magnetic card and a mobile phone, or multiple magnetic cards in your pocket, friction will occur between them. This friction may also cause information on the magnetic stripe. It is destroyed, in other words, degaussing also occurs.
So the best way is to put the magnetic card in the wallet or card holder, avoid direct friction between the card and the phone and between the card and the card, so that the magnetic card can be prevented from being demagnetized.
Second, can the chip card be "degaussed"?
The statement that the chip card was "degaussed" first came from the bus card. In many cities, the problem that the passenger's bus card could not be used normally occurred after the implementation of the card, and some bus customer service personnel gave the reply that the bus card was "degaussed" and needed Change the card. Later, with the issuance of the second-generation ID card, the staff of the relevant departments also used “degaussing†to explain these malfunctions after some people’s second-generation licenses could not be used normally.
The simple chip card itself has no magnetic stripe. Obviously, "degaussing" cannot be said. The way to exchange information between the chip card and the outside world is done through contact contacts or non-contact antennas. These peripheral circuits need to be reliably soldered to the pins of the chip itself, so the chip card cannot be used normally because of the chip and peripheral circuits. A problem has occurred.
Chip cards can be divided into: contact cards with contacts (such as SIM cards), RF contactless cards without contacts (such as bus cards, access cards, ID cards), dual-interface cards with contacts and RF support ( For example, the ICBC issued by ICBC, the quick purchase card). From the structure of the chip card, it is packaged by a card base (plastic card body) and a module. For a chip card capable of RF non-contact operation (including a purely non-connected chip card, and a dual support for both contact and non-contact operation) The interface card) also has an antenna coil connected to the module and an external component added for improving the radio frequency performance. The so-called module is a separate unit formed by reinforcing and protecting the chip and the peripheral circuit leads after being soldered by the encapsulation glue. .
Therefore, the reason why the chip card can not be used normally can be attributed to: damage to the chip itself (including internal circuit damage or chip fragmentation), module damage (including chip fragmentation or chipping between the module and the chip, Open welding, virtual welding, short circuit, etc.), antenna damage (including the antenna itself is broken or between the antenna and the module, welding, short circuit, etc.), external components damage, open welding, short circuit, etc. The main factors causing these damages are: bending and squeezing. To put it bluntly, it is destroyed by external forces (of course, in most cases it is unintentional).
The statement that the second-generation ID card is placed near the mobile phone and TV will cause chip damage due to electromagnetic radiation is also inaccurate. According to the ISO 14443 standard, a non-contact IC card (PICC) such as a second-generation card can still work normally after being subjected to a static magnetic field of 640 kA/m, and the electromagnetic field formed by a mobile phone or a television set is much smaller than this value ( Especially when doing medical nuclear magnetic resonance, the maximum static magnetic field strength is equivalent to about 3200 kA/m, and there is a threat of damage to the non-connected chip card). Just as simply putting the magnetic stripe card and the mobile phone stack together does not cause the magnetic card to degaussing, simply putting the second-generation ID card and similar chip cards together with the mobile phone, TV, etc. will not cause the loss of the chip due to electromagnetic radiation. . But if you put your phone and chip card in your pocket, they will squeeze, bump, and smash each other, which will cause damage to the chip card.
So the correct way is to put the ID card in the card holder to avoid squeezing, and then there will be no so-called "degaussing" even if you put it in your pocket at the same time.
Third, carrying a car-mounted machine can steal the bus card?
Compared with the magnetic stripe card, the chip card has good security, so the banks are in the process of making the transition of the magnetic stripe card to the chip card. However, the rumors of "the passenger bus card can be stolen in subways and buses with the in-vehicle device" have been re-raised from time to time. Is there a similar threat to bank chip cards that also support RF contactless operation?
Let me talk about the possibility of stealing the bus card from the back-mounted vehicle. (There is a risk control mechanism in the background, just a brief discussion on the actual operation). Strictly speaking, in addition to the in-vehicle device, a large battery is required to support the vehicle-mounted machine for a long time. Moreover, the in-vehicle machine has strict requirements on the position of the card when swiping the card, and it is not easy to put it on. The reading and writing distance of the ordinary in-vehicle device and the card is about 10 cm, and the card needs to be as close as possible to the coil of the in-vehicle machine. Parallel, it takes about 300 milliseconds to complete a transaction. Suppose there is such a person carrying a car-mounted device on the bus, and for the sake of simplicity, we further assume that he is not carrying but holding the car-mounted device, but also has an external headset for only the one who can hear the card successfully. The tone of the sound. If you want to steal your bus card, he must use the car phone to get close to you, and then around you, turn up and down, left and right to revolve, but also pause (satisfy 300 milliseconds), so that you can find and align you The bus card on the body. Not to mention that there is no operability at the peak of canned sardines, even if there is such a person around the time when passengers are scarce, how can they not be found?
So how can the antenna of the in-vehicle device increase the read/write distance and make the stealing easier? Improvements in the antenna can indeed increase the read/write distance, but it does not increase without limitation. According to the current technical means for bus cards, bank chip cards, ID cards, etc. using 13.56 MHz cards, the maximum read/write distance that can be achieved can reach about 1 meter, but there are also blind spots with angles and positions. That is to say, even if the improved in-vehicle device can read and write your card at a farther position, it must be adjusted and aligned accordingly. In short, whether it is carrying or squatting on the in-vehicle machine to steal someone else's bus card (including the bank's QuickPass flash card chip) is definitely not a simple task, even if it is a small handheld POS device, the conclusion is the same.
There is also the same conclusion that the second-generation ID card information is stolen. It is also difficult to steal the ID card information in this way. It is much more complicated to take such a stealing method than to directly access the database to obtain information.
Summarize the above: 1) Whether it is magnetic card or chip card recommendations are installed in the wallet or card package, to avoid the card directly in the pocket; 2) for the chip card (bus card, second-generation ID card, bank chip card Etc.) In addition to being installed in a wallet or card holder, it is also necessary to avoid squeezing or bending (for example, you often go to sleep on the bench in the conference room with your ID card and mobile phone, the possibility of the ID card being crushed. It is very high); 3) It can be used safely for non-contact chip cards, and the risk of remotely stealing or stealing information is negligible.
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