ABS resin (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), also known as propylene butadiene styrene resin, is the most developed and changed styrene resin. Because of its excellent impact resistance, high rigidity, oil resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical resistance and electrical properties, and easy processing, relatively low prices, etc., in the electronic appliances, instrumentation, automobile manufacturing, building materials industry There is a wide range of applications for daily products.
ABS resin industrial production methods can be divided into three categories according to the technical route: chemical grafting method, chemical grafting blending method and physical blending method. Among them, there are three kinds of chemical grafting methods: emulsion grafting, continuous bulk graft polymerization, emulsion graft-bulk polymerization; chemical grafting blending methods are divided into three types: emulsion graft-emulsion SAN (acrylonitrile) -styrene copolymer resin) blending method, emulsion grafting-suspension SAN blending method, emulsion grafting-bulk SAN blending method, physical blending method using ABS powder and SAN pellet as raw materials, using extruder Blending the production of ABS resin, which belongs to the plastic processing area, does not belong to the traditional ABS production method.
At present, the emulsion grafting method and the emulsion grafted-emulsion SAN blending method have been eliminated in developed countries; the emulsion grafting-bulk polymerization method can be used to produce different types of products due to the need to change the bulk polymerization formula; the application is not universal; The branch-suspension SAN blending method is only suitable for small and medium-sized production devices. Therefore, the main methods for the production of ABS resin at this stage are: emulsion grafting, a bulk SAN blending method, and continuous bulk polymerization.
Emulsion Grafting A bulk SAN blending method was developed based on the emulsion grafting method. It is currently the most important production process for the production of ABS resin. It is mainly composed of the synthesis of main latex for grafting, the main latex and styrene and propylene. Graft copolymerization of nitrile, synthesis of bulk SAN copolymer and blending of ABS graft copolymer and SAN resin. The advantage of using this method to produce ABS resin is that it can produce ABS resin with different brand numbers by adjusting the proportion of blending, the type and quantity of additives, and the technology is advanced and reliable, with a wide range of products, good performance and low pollution.
The ABS continuous bulk polymerization method was realized by Japanese TEC-MTC Corporation in the mid-1980s and was a relatively rapid production process in recent years. It is very similar to the continuous bulk process of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), with the main difference being the reaction of more acrylonitrile monomer. ABS continuous bulk polymerization mainly includes processes such as sol, prepolymerization, polymerization, devolatilization, and granulation. A certain amount of polybutadiene rubber is dissolved in a proportioned styrene and acrylonitrile monomer in the presence of a small amount of solvent. It is continuously added to a full mixed-flow reactor to achieve phase transformation. The reaction is continued in a multi-stage plug flow reactor. The entire polymerization process is also accompanied by grafting reaction, and then sent to devolatilization after the material reaches about 75% conversion rate. The device flashes out the unreacted styrene and acrylonitrile monomers and solvent and recycles them. The melted material is then granulated to obtain a finished ABS resin. The structure of the above reactor is basically the same as that of the HIPS and SAN bulk polymerization reactors, so the ABS continuous ontology production line can also be used to produce products such as HIPS and SAN. The ABS continuous bulk polymerization method has the characteristics of simple process flow, easy operation, less pollution and less investment. The new foreign devices have a tendency to develop to the process, but due to the limitations of the bulk process itself, the rubber content cannot be over 20%. The ABS product has limited impact strength, and it is relatively difficult to control the rubber particle size. It is also unable to achieve the high gloss that the emulsion grafting body SAN blending method can achieve, making the range and performance of the product certain. The limitations have yet to be further improved. At present, the research direction of emulsion grafted bulk SAN blending method is to improve the latex quality, shorten the reaction residence time and increase the latex particle size. The research direction of the continuous bulk method is the distribution of the rubber particle size and the size control to obtain higher Impact resistance and glossiness have made great progress in the introduction of the fourth monomer through the use of different initiators and rubber types.
Although ABS resin has many advantages, its "alternative" forces are also growing. Polycarbonate (Pc)/ABS can replace flame retardant ABS, and polycarbonate/ABS alloy can also replace brominated ABS resin.
ABS resin industrial production methods can be divided into three categories according to the technical route: chemical grafting method, chemical grafting blending method and physical blending method. Among them, there are three kinds of chemical grafting methods: emulsion grafting, continuous bulk graft polymerization, emulsion graft-bulk polymerization; chemical grafting blending methods are divided into three types: emulsion graft-emulsion SAN (acrylonitrile) -styrene copolymer resin) blending method, emulsion grafting-suspension SAN blending method, emulsion grafting-bulk SAN blending method, physical blending method using ABS powder and SAN pellet as raw materials, using extruder Blending the production of ABS resin, which belongs to the plastic processing area, does not belong to the traditional ABS production method.
At present, the emulsion grafting method and the emulsion grafted-emulsion SAN blending method have been eliminated in developed countries; the emulsion grafting-bulk polymerization method can be used to produce different types of products due to the need to change the bulk polymerization formula; the application is not universal; The branch-suspension SAN blending method is only suitable for small and medium-sized production devices. Therefore, the main methods for the production of ABS resin at this stage are: emulsion grafting, a bulk SAN blending method, and continuous bulk polymerization.
Emulsion Grafting A bulk SAN blending method was developed based on the emulsion grafting method. It is currently the most important production process for the production of ABS resin. It is mainly composed of the synthesis of main latex for grafting, the main latex and styrene and propylene. Graft copolymerization of nitrile, synthesis of bulk SAN copolymer and blending of ABS graft copolymer and SAN resin. The advantage of using this method to produce ABS resin is that it can produce ABS resin with different brand numbers by adjusting the proportion of blending, the type and quantity of additives, and the technology is advanced and reliable, with a wide range of products, good performance and low pollution.
The ABS continuous bulk polymerization method was realized by Japanese TEC-MTC Corporation in the mid-1980s and was a relatively rapid production process in recent years. It is very similar to the continuous bulk process of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), with the main difference being the reaction of more acrylonitrile monomer. ABS continuous bulk polymerization mainly includes processes such as sol, prepolymerization, polymerization, devolatilization, and granulation. A certain amount of polybutadiene rubber is dissolved in a proportioned styrene and acrylonitrile monomer in the presence of a small amount of solvent. It is continuously added to a full mixed-flow reactor to achieve phase transformation. The reaction is continued in a multi-stage plug flow reactor. The entire polymerization process is also accompanied by grafting reaction, and then sent to devolatilization after the material reaches about 75% conversion rate. The device flashes out the unreacted styrene and acrylonitrile monomers and solvent and recycles them. The melted material is then granulated to obtain a finished ABS resin. The structure of the above reactor is basically the same as that of the HIPS and SAN bulk polymerization reactors, so the ABS continuous ontology production line can also be used to produce products such as HIPS and SAN. The ABS continuous bulk polymerization method has the characteristics of simple process flow, easy operation, less pollution and less investment. The new foreign devices have a tendency to develop to the process, but due to the limitations of the bulk process itself, the rubber content cannot be over 20%. The ABS product has limited impact strength, and it is relatively difficult to control the rubber particle size. It is also unable to achieve the high gloss that the emulsion grafting body SAN blending method can achieve, making the range and performance of the product certain. The limitations have yet to be further improved. At present, the research direction of emulsion grafted bulk SAN blending method is to improve the latex quality, shorten the reaction residence time and increase the latex particle size. The research direction of the continuous bulk method is the distribution of the rubber particle size and the size control to obtain higher Impact resistance and glossiness have made great progress in the introduction of the fourth monomer through the use of different initiators and rubber types.
Although ABS resin has many advantages, its "alternative" forces are also growing. Polycarbonate (Pc)/ABS can replace flame retardant ABS, and polycarbonate/ABS alloy can also replace brominated ABS resin.
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