In recent years, stadiums and sports halls have become more common across the country. Lighting plays a crucial role in these venues, but the level of expertise among different construction teams varies significantly. This article summarizes key insights on lighting design, installation, and acceptance for sports stadiums, addressing common challenges and offering practical solutions.
**First, irrational illumination design**
To maximize the utility of stadiums, most are designed for multiple purposes—ranging from sports events to cultural activities. This requires that the lighting system must not only meet the specific needs of sports but also support other functions such as training, competitions, maintenance, and cleaning. Different lighting scenes should be created based on usage and sport-specific requirements. Additionally, lighting for both the playing field and audience areas should be tailored to reduce energy costs while maintaining high-quality illumination.
- **Differentiate lighting requirements by sport**: Select appropriate lighting standards based on the type of sport, field size, and actual usage levels. Avoid over-designing for energy savings, as meeting national standards is sufficient.
- **Differentiate lighting needs within the same stadium**: Lighting includes venue illumination, auditorium lighting, and emergency lighting. Each has unique goals and should be designed accordingly for energy efficiency.
- **Adapt lighting for different functions**: Many stadiums host various events. A flexible control system (e.g., PLC or intelligent lighting systems) can adjust light levels and color temperatures to suit different needs without compromising energy efficiency.
- **Use lighting practically**: While HDTV broadcasting standards are necessary for major international events, general-purpose stadiums don’t need such high illumination. Adjust lighting based on natural light and occupancy to save energy effectively.
**Second, unreasonable emergency power and lighting setup**
Stadiums are crowded places, so reliable emergency lighting and power systems are essential for safe evacuations. However, many smaller venues neglect proper maintenance of these systems.
- **Ensure adequate safety lighting**: Safety lighting should be at least 5% of general lighting levels. Regular checks and evaluations are necessary to maintain reliability.
- **Independent power supply for safety lighting**: Use battery-powered systems for evacuation signs. Avoid using generators, as they may cause delays in power restoration.
- **Choose suitable lamps**: Low-illumination safety lighting can use tungsten halogen lamps for fast ignition, while higher illumination needs for continued events may require metal halide lamps with an uninterrupted power supply.
**Third, improper selection and installation of gas discharge lamps**
Gas discharge lamps offer good color rendering and efficiency, but incorrect installation can lead to inefficiency or even accidents.
- **Improve power factor**: Inductive ballasts often result in low power factors (0.4–0.5). Reactive power compensation is necessary to raise it above 0.9.
- **Minimize distance between trigger and lamp**: To ensure stable operation, the distance between the trigger and the lamp should be as short as possible.
- **Use proper wiring**: The main three-phase lines should handle unbalanced and harmonic currents, with a minimum cross-section equal to the phase line.
- **Avoid inefficient lamps**: Fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamps are outdated due to poor performance. Self-ballasted versions are even less desirable.
**Fourth, inadequate special distribution devices**
Due to the single-phase nature of stadium lighting loads, power continuity and safety are critical. Poor design can lead to failures.
- **Individual protection for fixtures**: Install individual protection where inspections are possible.
- **Avoid single-circuit faults**: Use three-phase circuit breakers to prevent localized outages.
- **Dedicated transformers**: Use separate transformers for specific lighting needs.
- **Safe voltage for underwater lights**: Limit voltage to 12V and isolate it from the main system to ensure safety in wet areas.
**Fifth, insufficient lamp fall prevention measures**
Lamps in high-vibration or high-altitude areas require special attention to prevent damage or falls.
- **Use anti-vibration lamps**: In high-vibration zones, use vibration-resistant lamps or add protective nets.
- **Secure high-altitude lamps**: Choose lightweight, aerodynamic designs that can withstand wind loads and include anti-fall mechanisms.
Stadium lighting reflects a city’s development and vision. A safe, efficient, and cost-effective lighting system is essential for both competitive and mass sports. Our team specializes in providing complete solutions for designing, installing, and managing stadium lighting. With extensive experience, we aim to deliver a comfortable, safe, and visually appealing environment. Good lighting not only enhances public trust in facilities but also improves the overall quality of urban life. Let us help you create a better lighting experience for your stadium.
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