Glass products have penetrated into all aspects of people’s lives. With the improvement of people’s living standards, consumption levels will also increase accordingly, expanding the market space for our daily glass products. However, we should also see that people have a corresponding increase in the quality and quality of their products. In particular, our products still have a considerable amount of exports. Therefore, while fully implementing the scientific concept of development, we must increase scientific and technological innovation and development to improve the grade and quality of our products to meet the growing needs of people's lives and export products, and at the same time promote the development of the industry.
Since the reform and opening up, the daily glass industry has seen great development in terms of scale and technological progress. Thanks to the strengthening of foreign technical exchanges, the industry has improved the level of equipment, technology, and management. However, due to the relatively weak foundation of the daily glass industry in China, despite the opportunity of reform and opening up, the industry has made great progress, but there is still a large gap compared with the technical and economic indicators of developed countries. Today is about to enter the world cycle, obviously not suited. For this reason, in the future development, it is necessary to intensify the reform, narrow the gap with the international advanced level, and make the industry development enter a virtuous circle.
First, products and markets:
Our companies tend to focus only on production and quantity; they do not follow traditional product styles and patterns, and they are produced on a user-by-sample basis (see also batch). Lack of innovative development concepts and adaptability to changes in the market, so the lack of product design is attractive to consumers; the lack of market research and analysis leads to passive sales; can not lead the market to dominate the market to take the initiative in the market; can not withstand the market risk The impact (for example, French Duran DARQUES company is one of the world's largest glassware manufacturers, in order to withstand market risks often carry out market research, and constantly design new products for market demand, as in 1997 they had designed 2000 years of New products are used as product reserves to prepare new products to market in time when they are unsalable, and they have mastered the initiative of the market. Many companies are eliminated because they do not adapt to the market. In addition, our business is not large enough to form a model of economies of scale, and it is not capable of resisting market risks. This is because the manager's notion of concept is not liberating and he lacks understanding of the modern economic management business model. Therefore, it can only be an extensive production management model, and can not form intensive production. The management is backward, the pollution is serious, the energy consumption is high, the cost is high, the quality is low, and the added value is low. The company can only run hard under low-level conditions. Therefore, as soon as possible to change the concept of forming a powerful combination of superior enterprises to achieve a reasonable mode of economies of scale, can form a virtuous circle, with the ability to resist market risks. Of course, what scale must be reasonable? At present, we cannot fully refer to foreign models (for example, Australian ACI Packaging Group Co., Ltd., only six glass bottle manufacturers in China and New Zealand, have an annual production capacity of approximately 6 billion bottles of approximately 3 million tons per year, and the average annual output 776 tons is equivalent to ours more than 10 times, not including the factories acquired in other regions), and we generally have a majority below 150,000 tons/year, so we can't compare with foreign companies, but we should see the scale The direction of the economy.
Second, the main process ideas:
Ingredients technology: Ingredient technology is an important link related to product quality, environmental protection, and civilized production, but because it is not a direct production process, it is often overlooked in the investment process, especially in the case of low labor costs. Easy to be streamlined, resulting in product quality can not be guaranteed, dust flying, environmental pollution is serious, occupational diseases lurk potential problems. It is reported that there are more than 1,600 poisonous and harmful enterprises in China. By 2003, there were more than 200 million occupational patients in China and 10,467 cases in 2003. Pneumoconiosis accounted for 80%. By the year of 01, the number of pneumoconiosis patients in China was equal to the sum of other countries. Every year, 10% of pneumoconiosis patients are produced. This is very serious. The international automatic batching system has long been widely used. China also has mature experience in this area. We must eliminate artificial ingredients during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period.
Glass kiln: Glass kiln is the heart of the glass industry production and the main equipment for energy consumption. At present, the kiln still operating in China is still dominated by flame furnaces and has a high energy consumption level (generally 300-500 kilograms of standard coal/ Tons of finished products, the international advanced level is equivalent to 190 kilograms of standard coal / ton of finished products; low melting rate (usually 1.5-2 tons of molten glass / square meter melting area, the international advanced level of 3-3.6 tons of glass / square meter (melting area)) In terms of energy structure, most of us are currently oil and coal, with low thermal efficiency and serious pollution. In the world, clean energy sources such as natural gas and electricity are commonly used. Heat utilization is highly polluted, and most companies that use oil as their fuel use electric assisted combustion and pure oxygen combustion technology to increase thermal efficiency and melting rate to reduce pollution. In terms of the life of the kiln: Our kiln is generally 5-7 years (most of which are below 5 years) and the international advanced level is 8-10 years. Of course, we use refractories and one-time investment cost, we also There is a big gap, but we must take into account the international advanced experience in accordance with national conditions. We should consider it during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period.
Molding process:
The molding process has a great relationship with product quality. We are in the process of handwork (mainly glassware and a small number of special-shaped bottles): due to the lower cultural quality of the employees, the artistic content of the technical content of the products is subject to certain limitations, and the grade of the products is The price is not going up and the added value is not high. Enterprises should make great efforts to increase investment in science and technology and improve product quality. In order to achieve higher prices and better quality, increase product added value. At the same time, it also improves the international status of China's glass industry.
Bottle and can process: Regardless of bottle and vessel, we lack the in-depth research on the mechanism of product formation, which is manifested in low production efficiency and poor product appearance quality. This is due to the late start of mechanized production in China (before liberation Only manual machine production, automatic production line only Qingdao Jinghua has imported from the United States, "Leach" rotary bottle production line). At present, we have been able to produce electronic timing 6 double, 8 double and 10 double IS bottle machines, but the number of factories using double drip machines is too small. In the world, two/three drops/four drops of 8-12 IS machines are used to produce the new machines. The new machines are equipped with servo motor brakes in addition to the mold, which saves energy, reduces noise, and simplifies control programs. The production efficiency is high. (A set of four four-drop NNPB lines produced 375 ml bottles with a speed of 600/min). In order to solve the problem of evenness of bottles and bottles, pressure-blow method has been adopted in foreign countries. Each company has selected a test group composed of elites and specialized in process research and trial production of new products. Therefore, in terms of ensuring the appearance quality of the bottle, the increase is faster. We know that to solve the problem of lightweight bottles, we must first solve the problem of the uniformity of the bottle, and the uniformity of the solution is not only the problem of the machine on the one hand, it is an ingredient, melting, material, bottle machine, including System engineering. Therefore, we must comprehensively understand this issue, and we can only make breakthroughs by comprehensive scientific treatment.
The mechanism of the vessel mechanism: We have also made great breakthroughs in the press equipment. We have performed on the varieties: single and double drip presses with different specifications of the open mold and the integral mold, basically eliminating the pneumatic push plate and using machinery. Drive and hydraulic stamping. In terms of energy saving and environmental protection, there has been great progress, and at present the international drive system has been fully servoized, and the production efficiency is relatively high. (The United States Corning company's stand-alone production of glass pots is 60/min. We only have 16/min. , and Liby's mechanism cup production is 25-30 tons / day, we only 10-12 tons / day). In the blowing process, the pressure-blowing process is used internationally. Most of us use the blow-blow process. No matter whether it is the homogeneity of the suppression vessel or the blowing vessel product, there is a big gap with the international advanced level. Like the bottle-making process, this is also a systematic project, and it remains to be further studied in the molding process.
Third, strengthen scientific and technological development, strive to innovate, and track the world's advanced level For a long time, we have relatively weak input in science and technology. This is manifested in the study of the rational selection of glass components, the study of the basic theory of kiln, and the study of the theory of furnace melting technology. , Research on the forming mechanism of products, research on product and mold design and development of new products and new products. In the systematic study of foreign scientific and technical intelligence information also appears weak. This is mainly because in the past we were concerned about the reality that there was too little interest in the long-term, lack of research work, and the intangible loss of many human resources. The work of science and technology is the basis for the development of the industry, ignoring the basic technical work, and the shrinking of the industry over time is inevitable. Tracing the world level is also an empty sentence. This is not an alarmist or annoying concern. It is a reality that we should face in the future. Therefore, we must understand the gap to make up for the gap. We must establish and implement a scientific concept of development, respect scientific talent for respect, implement various science and technology policies, and increase investment in science and technology so as to increase the level of science and technology in the industry. This translates into productivity. To increase production efficiency will reduce the cost of energy, and the efficiency of quality varieties will be raised. This should be considered during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period.
IV. Deep processing of products and their product expansion Deep processing of products: In recent years, the international deep processing of glass products has become increasingly important, including: grinding, printing, frosting, Shi Hong, spray gold, gold, deep and heap flowers and other processes . In today's technologically advanced world, glassware can be decorated by means of computer-drawn etching. In short, deep processing of glass to improve the quality and grade of glass products, whether it is a bottle or utensils have great prospects, as long as the development is appropriate, will be accepted by the majority of consumers.
More than 20 years ago, people scraped off the waste of optical glass and processed them into polygons, which were glued into various crafts (ie, ornaments) with invisible adhesives, and formed beautiful refractions under the irradiation of light. Consumers are favored and expensive, and so far they have placed prominent positions in various high-end shopping malls and airport cargo counters. At present, China has developed a variety of glass handicrafts produced from optical glass blanks in certain areas in Zhejiang and Jiangsu. Despite having formed an industry, the art content of the products is low, and more materials are used, and the added value is low. In recent years, the living standards of the people of our country have been greatly improved, and the living conditions have been continuously improved. All kinds of glass handicraft ornaments and Accessories embellished with life have a large potential market but also need continuous innovation to have vitality. Glass products are high-grade art and collectibles. Because of the price issue, people in China rarely care about it, but as people's living standards increase, they believe that they will continue to expand market demand.
In short, during the “11th Five-Year Plan†implementation period, we must focus on energy conservation and environmental protection in accordance with the requirements of the development of circular economy, follow the world advanced level, continue to explore and innovate, and develop new product application fields in accordance with market demand in order to expand product market demand. Survival and development.
Since the reform and opening up, the daily glass industry has seen great development in terms of scale and technological progress. Thanks to the strengthening of foreign technical exchanges, the industry has improved the level of equipment, technology, and management. However, due to the relatively weak foundation of the daily glass industry in China, despite the opportunity of reform and opening up, the industry has made great progress, but there is still a large gap compared with the technical and economic indicators of developed countries. Today is about to enter the world cycle, obviously not suited. For this reason, in the future development, it is necessary to intensify the reform, narrow the gap with the international advanced level, and make the industry development enter a virtuous circle.
First, products and markets:
Our companies tend to focus only on production and quantity; they do not follow traditional product styles and patterns, and they are produced on a user-by-sample basis (see also batch). Lack of innovative development concepts and adaptability to changes in the market, so the lack of product design is attractive to consumers; the lack of market research and analysis leads to passive sales; can not lead the market to dominate the market to take the initiative in the market; can not withstand the market risk The impact (for example, French Duran DARQUES company is one of the world's largest glassware manufacturers, in order to withstand market risks often carry out market research, and constantly design new products for market demand, as in 1997 they had designed 2000 years of New products are used as product reserves to prepare new products to market in time when they are unsalable, and they have mastered the initiative of the market. Many companies are eliminated because they do not adapt to the market. In addition, our business is not large enough to form a model of economies of scale, and it is not capable of resisting market risks. This is because the manager's notion of concept is not liberating and he lacks understanding of the modern economic management business model. Therefore, it can only be an extensive production management model, and can not form intensive production. The management is backward, the pollution is serious, the energy consumption is high, the cost is high, the quality is low, and the added value is low. The company can only run hard under low-level conditions. Therefore, as soon as possible to change the concept of forming a powerful combination of superior enterprises to achieve a reasonable mode of economies of scale, can form a virtuous circle, with the ability to resist market risks. Of course, what scale must be reasonable? At present, we cannot fully refer to foreign models (for example, Australian ACI Packaging Group Co., Ltd., only six glass bottle manufacturers in China and New Zealand, have an annual production capacity of approximately 6 billion bottles of approximately 3 million tons per year, and the average annual output 776 tons is equivalent to ours more than 10 times, not including the factories acquired in other regions), and we generally have a majority below 150,000 tons/year, so we can't compare with foreign companies, but we should see the scale The direction of the economy.
Second, the main process ideas:
Ingredients technology: Ingredient technology is an important link related to product quality, environmental protection, and civilized production, but because it is not a direct production process, it is often overlooked in the investment process, especially in the case of low labor costs. Easy to be streamlined, resulting in product quality can not be guaranteed, dust flying, environmental pollution is serious, occupational diseases lurk potential problems. It is reported that there are more than 1,600 poisonous and harmful enterprises in China. By 2003, there were more than 200 million occupational patients in China and 10,467 cases in 2003. Pneumoconiosis accounted for 80%. By the year of 01, the number of pneumoconiosis patients in China was equal to the sum of other countries. Every year, 10% of pneumoconiosis patients are produced. This is very serious. The international automatic batching system has long been widely used. China also has mature experience in this area. We must eliminate artificial ingredients during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period.
Glass kiln: Glass kiln is the heart of the glass industry production and the main equipment for energy consumption. At present, the kiln still operating in China is still dominated by flame furnaces and has a high energy consumption level (generally 300-500 kilograms of standard coal/ Tons of finished products, the international advanced level is equivalent to 190 kilograms of standard coal / ton of finished products; low melting rate (usually 1.5-2 tons of molten glass / square meter melting area, the international advanced level of 3-3.6 tons of glass / square meter (melting area)) In terms of energy structure, most of us are currently oil and coal, with low thermal efficiency and serious pollution. In the world, clean energy sources such as natural gas and electricity are commonly used. Heat utilization is highly polluted, and most companies that use oil as their fuel use electric assisted combustion and pure oxygen combustion technology to increase thermal efficiency and melting rate to reduce pollution. In terms of the life of the kiln: Our kiln is generally 5-7 years (most of which are below 5 years) and the international advanced level is 8-10 years. Of course, we use refractories and one-time investment cost, we also There is a big gap, but we must take into account the international advanced experience in accordance with national conditions. We should consider it during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period.
Molding process:
The molding process has a great relationship with product quality. We are in the process of handwork (mainly glassware and a small number of special-shaped bottles): due to the lower cultural quality of the employees, the artistic content of the technical content of the products is subject to certain limitations, and the grade of the products is The price is not going up and the added value is not high. Enterprises should make great efforts to increase investment in science and technology and improve product quality. In order to achieve higher prices and better quality, increase product added value. At the same time, it also improves the international status of China's glass industry.
Bottle and can process: Regardless of bottle and vessel, we lack the in-depth research on the mechanism of product formation, which is manifested in low production efficiency and poor product appearance quality. This is due to the late start of mechanized production in China (before liberation Only manual machine production, automatic production line only Qingdao Jinghua has imported from the United States, "Leach" rotary bottle production line). At present, we have been able to produce electronic timing 6 double, 8 double and 10 double IS bottle machines, but the number of factories using double drip machines is too small. In the world, two/three drops/four drops of 8-12 IS machines are used to produce the new machines. The new machines are equipped with servo motor brakes in addition to the mold, which saves energy, reduces noise, and simplifies control programs. The production efficiency is high. (A set of four four-drop NNPB lines produced 375 ml bottles with a speed of 600/min). In order to solve the problem of evenness of bottles and bottles, pressure-blow method has been adopted in foreign countries. Each company has selected a test group composed of elites and specialized in process research and trial production of new products. Therefore, in terms of ensuring the appearance quality of the bottle, the increase is faster. We know that to solve the problem of lightweight bottles, we must first solve the problem of the uniformity of the bottle, and the uniformity of the solution is not only the problem of the machine on the one hand, it is an ingredient, melting, material, bottle machine, including System engineering. Therefore, we must comprehensively understand this issue, and we can only make breakthroughs by comprehensive scientific treatment.
The mechanism of the vessel mechanism: We have also made great breakthroughs in the press equipment. We have performed on the varieties: single and double drip presses with different specifications of the open mold and the integral mold, basically eliminating the pneumatic push plate and using machinery. Drive and hydraulic stamping. In terms of energy saving and environmental protection, there has been great progress, and at present the international drive system has been fully servoized, and the production efficiency is relatively high. (The United States Corning company's stand-alone production of glass pots is 60/min. We only have 16/min. , and Liby's mechanism cup production is 25-30 tons / day, we only 10-12 tons / day). In the blowing process, the pressure-blowing process is used internationally. Most of us use the blow-blow process. No matter whether it is the homogeneity of the suppression vessel or the blowing vessel product, there is a big gap with the international advanced level. Like the bottle-making process, this is also a systematic project, and it remains to be further studied in the molding process.
Third, strengthen scientific and technological development, strive to innovate, and track the world's advanced level For a long time, we have relatively weak input in science and technology. This is manifested in the study of the rational selection of glass components, the study of the basic theory of kiln, and the study of the theory of furnace melting technology. , Research on the forming mechanism of products, research on product and mold design and development of new products and new products. In the systematic study of foreign scientific and technical intelligence information also appears weak. This is mainly because in the past we were concerned about the reality that there was too little interest in the long-term, lack of research work, and the intangible loss of many human resources. The work of science and technology is the basis for the development of the industry, ignoring the basic technical work, and the shrinking of the industry over time is inevitable. Tracing the world level is also an empty sentence. This is not an alarmist or annoying concern. It is a reality that we should face in the future. Therefore, we must understand the gap to make up for the gap. We must establish and implement a scientific concept of development, respect scientific talent for respect, implement various science and technology policies, and increase investment in science and technology so as to increase the level of science and technology in the industry. This translates into productivity. To increase production efficiency will reduce the cost of energy, and the efficiency of quality varieties will be raised. This should be considered during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period.
IV. Deep processing of products and their product expansion Deep processing of products: In recent years, the international deep processing of glass products has become increasingly important, including: grinding, printing, frosting, Shi Hong, spray gold, gold, deep and heap flowers and other processes . In today's technologically advanced world, glassware can be decorated by means of computer-drawn etching. In short, deep processing of glass to improve the quality and grade of glass products, whether it is a bottle or utensils have great prospects, as long as the development is appropriate, will be accepted by the majority of consumers.
More than 20 years ago, people scraped off the waste of optical glass and processed them into polygons, which were glued into various crafts (ie, ornaments) with invisible adhesives, and formed beautiful refractions under the irradiation of light. Consumers are favored and expensive, and so far they have placed prominent positions in various high-end shopping malls and airport cargo counters. At present, China has developed a variety of glass handicrafts produced from optical glass blanks in certain areas in Zhejiang and Jiangsu. Despite having formed an industry, the art content of the products is low, and more materials are used, and the added value is low. In recent years, the living standards of the people of our country have been greatly improved, and the living conditions have been continuously improved. All kinds of glass handicraft ornaments and Accessories embellished with life have a large potential market but also need continuous innovation to have vitality. Glass products are high-grade art and collectibles. Because of the price issue, people in China rarely care about it, but as people's living standards increase, they believe that they will continue to expand market demand.
In short, during the “11th Five-Year Plan†implementation period, we must focus on energy conservation and environmental protection in accordance with the requirements of the development of circular economy, follow the world advanced level, continue to explore and innovate, and develop new product application fields in accordance with market demand in order to expand product market demand. Survival and development.
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